ArticleJournal of ginseng research2014
Antiviral activity of ginsenosides against coxsackievirus B3, enterovirus 71, and human rhinovirus 3.
Article in Journal of ginseng research, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
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Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
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- Ginsenoside Rb2 demonstrates potent antiviral activity against Zika virus infection.Journal of ginseng research · 2025Article
- Antiviral potential of ginseng: Targeting human pathogenic viruses with compounds derived from ginseng.Journal of ginseng research · 2025Review
- Korean Red ginseng enhances ZBP1-mediated cell death to suppress viral protein expression in host defense against Influenza A virus.Journal of microbiology (Seoul, Korea) · 2025Article
- Synthesis, characterization, molecular docking, pharmacokinetics, and molecular dynamics of new bis-thiazoles based on bis-thiosemicarbazone as anti-coxsackievirus.Scientific reports · 2024Article
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- Screening and verification of antiviral compounds against HSV-1 using a method based on a plaque inhibition assay.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Antiviral activities of ginseng and its potential and putative benefits against monkeypox virus: A mini review.Journal of ginseng research · 2023Review
- Antiviral effects of Korean Red Ginseng on human coronavirus OC43.Journal of ginseng research · 2023Article
- Antiviral Potential of the GenusJournal of ginseng research · 2023Review
- Korean Red Ginseng slows coreceptor switch in HIV-1 infected patients.Journal of ginseng research · 2023Article
- Research progress on antiviral constituents in traditional Chinese medicines and their mechanisms of action.Pharmaceutical biology · 2022Article
- The Biosynthesized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles' Antiviral Activity in Combination withMolecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- COVID-19 and the Importance of Being Prepared: A Multidisciplinary Strategy for the Discovery of Antivirals to Combat Pandemics.Biomedicines · 2022Article
- Pharmacological Properties of Ginsenoside Re.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2022Review
- Anti-viral triterpenes: a review.Phytochemistry reviews : proceedings of the Phytochemical Society of Europe · 2022Review
- Nanoformulation Composed of Ellagic Acid and Functionalized Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles Inactivates DNA and RNA Viruses.Pharmaceutics · 2021Article
- Molecular scaffolds from mother nature as possible lead compounds in drug design and discovery against coronaviruses: A landscape analysis of published literature and molecular docking studies.Microbial pathogenesis · 2021Review
- Pharmacological Efficacy of Ginseng against Respiratory Tract Infections.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Hormesis and Ginseng: Ginseng Mixtures and Individual Constituents Commonly Display Hormesis Dose Responses, Especially for Neuroprotective Effects.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundGinsenosides are the major components responsible for the biochemical and pharmacological actions of ginseng, and have been shown to have various biological activities. In this study, we investigated the antiviral activities of seven ginsenosides [protopanaxatriol (PT) type: Re, Rf, and Rg2; protopanaxadiol (PD) type: Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Rd)] against coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3), enterovirus 71 (EV71), and human rhinovirus 3 (HRV3).
methodsAssays of antiviral activity and cytotoxicity were evaluated by the sulforhodamine B method using the cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction assay.
resultsThe antiviral assays demonstrated that, of the seven ginsenosides, the PT-type ginsenosides (Re, Rf, and Rg2) possess significant antiviral activities against CVB3 and HRV3 at a concentration of 100 μg/mL. Among the PT-type ginsenosides, only ginsenoside Rg2 showed significant anti-EV71 activity with no cytotoxicity to cells at 100 μg/mL. The PD-type ginsenosides (Rb1, Rb2, Rc, and Rd), by contrast, did not show any significant antiviral activity against CVB3, EV71, and HRV3, and exhibited cytotoxic effects to virus-infected cells. Notably, the antiviral efficacies of PT-type ginsenosides were comparable to those of ribavirin, a commonly used antiviral drug.
conclusionCollectively, our findings suggest that the ginsenosides Re, Rf, and Rg2 have the potential to be effective in the treatment of CVB3, EV71, and HRV3 infection.
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