ArticleJournal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950)2014
CD4 T cells specific for a latency-associated γ-herpesvirus epitope are polyfunctional and cytotoxic.
Article in Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 21 citations in OpenAlex.
- Article
- The amplitude of gammaherpesvirus lytic replication dictates adaptive immune activation: Potential implications for KSHV LANA in immune evasion.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Vaccination with a Replication-Dead Murine Gammaherpesvirus Lacking Viral Pathogenesis Genes Inhibits WT Virus Infection.Viruses · 2024Article
- Vaccination with a Replication-Dead Murine Gammaherpesvirus Lacking Viral Pathogenesis Genes Inhibits WT Virus Infection.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2024Article
- Glutaminolysis of CD4Journal of inflammation research · 2024Review
- Adaptive immune responses to Kaposi's sarcoma-associated herpesvirus.Current opinion in immunology · 2022Review
- Conquering the Host: Determinants of Pathogenesis Learned from Murine Gammaherpesvirus 68.Annual review of virology · 2021Article
- The dominantly expressed class II molecule from a resistant MHC haplotype presents only a few Marek's disease virus peptides by using an unprecedented binding motif.PLoS biology · 2021Article
- Deletion of immune evasion genes provides an effective vaccine design for tumor-associated herpesviruses.NPJ vaccines · 2020Article
- From Superantigens to "Real" Viral Antigens.Viral immunology · 2020Article
- ORF6 and ORF61 Expressing MVA Vaccines Impair Early but Not Late Latency in Murine Gammaherpesvirus MHV-68 Infection.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Article
- NKG2C/E Marks the Unique Cytotoxic CD4 T Cell Subset, ThCTL, Generated by Influenza Infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2017Article
- Fighting Viral Infections and Virus-Driven Tumors with Cytotoxic CD4Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Coinfections: Another Variable in the Herpesvirus Latency-Reactivation Dynamic.Journal of virology · 2016Review
- TCR gene-modified T cells can efficiently treat established hepatitis C-associated hepatocellular carcinoma tumors.Cancer immunology, immunotherapy : CII · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
14 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
The oncogenic γ-herpesviruses EBV and Kaposi sarcoma-associated herpesvirus are ubiquitous human pathogens that establish lifelong latent infections maintained by intermittent viral reactivation and reinfection. Effector CD4 T cells are critical for control of viral latency and in immune therapies for virus-associated tumors. In this study, we exploited γHV68 infection of mice to enhance our understanding of the CD4 T cell response during γ-herpesvirus infection. Using a consensus prediction approach, we identified 16 new CD4 epitope-specific responses that arise during lytic infection. An additional epitope encoded by the M2 protein induced uniquely latency-associated CD4 T cells, which were not detected at the peak of lytic infection but only during latency and were not induced postinfection with a latency-deficient virus. M2-specific CD4 T cells were selectively cytotoxic, produced multiple antiviral cytokines, and sustained IL-2 production. Identification of latency-associated cytolytic CD4 T cells will aid in dissecting mechanisms of CD4 immune control of γ-herpesvirus latency and the development of therapeutic approaches to control viral reactivation and pathology.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.