ArticleMolecular neurobiology2015
Estradiol and Progesterone Administration After pMCAO Stimulates the Neurological Recovery and Reduces the Detrimental Effect of Ischemia Mainly in Hippocampus.
Article in Molecular neurobiology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- A comprehensive meta-analysis of exogenous estrogen, progesterone, and testosterone in animal models of ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke.Biology of sex differences · 2026Pooled it
- Serum and Striatal Redox and Metabolic Responses to Progesterone Treatment in Rats with Common Carotid Ligation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Optimization of Subsecond Estradiol Detection through Analysis of Surface-Analyte Interactions.ACS electrochemistry · 2026Article
- Pharmacological inhibition of mTORC1 reduces neural death and damage volume after MCAO by modulating microglial reactivity.Biology direct · 2024Article
- Dysregulation of mTOR Signaling after Brain Ischemia.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Progesterone Protects Prefrontal Cortex in Rat Model of Permanent Bilateral Common Carotid Occlusion via Progesterone Receptors and Akt/Erk/eNOS.Cellular and molecular neurobiology · 2020Article
- The Synthetic Steroid Tibolone Decreases Reactive Gliosis and Neuronal Death in the Cerebral Cortex of Female Mice After a Stab Wound Injury.Molecular neurobiology · 2018Article
- Transient Cerebral Ischemia Alters GSK-3β and p-GSK-3β Immunoreactivity in Pyramidal Neurons and Induces p-GSK-3β Expression in Astrocytes in the Gerbil Hippocampal CA1 Area.Neurochemical research · 2017Article
- BDNF Overexpression Exhibited Bilateral Effect on Neural Behavior in SCT Mice Associated with AKT Signal Pathway.Neurochemical research · 2016Article
- Estrogen in prefrontal cortex blocks stress-induced cognitive impairments in female rats.The Journal of steroid biochemistry and molecular biology · 2016Review
- Progesterone improves long-term functional and histological outcomes after permanent stroke in older rats.Behavioural brain research · 2016Article
- Baclofen mediates neuroprotection on hippocampal CA1 pyramidal cells through the regulation of autophagy under chronic cerebral hypoperfusion.Scientific reports · 2015Article
- Progesterone is neuroprotective by inhibiting cerebral edema after ischemia.Neural regeneration research · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have suggested a differential response, males versus female, in stroke incidence and prognosis. These divergences in brain response after damage are based mostly on hormonal differences. To date, estradiol and progesterone administered independently have demonstrated neuroprotection after ischemia in animal models. Nonetheless, contradictory results were revealed using a combined administration. In order to evaluate the effects of combinatorial treatment administered after ischemia induction, we used two different approaches: in vivo and in vitro models. Male rats which underwent permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion were treated with a combination of estradiol/progesterone at 6, 24 and 48 h after injury and sacrificed at 54 h post-ischemia. The rat brains were evaluated for reactive gliosis, NeuN-positive neurons, levels of synapse-associated proteins and activity levels of PI3K/Akt/GSK3/β-catenin survival pathway. Also, primary cortical neurons were subjected to oxygen and glucose deprivation for 17 h and returned to a normal environment in the presence of estradiol or estradiol/progesterone. Cell viability was evaluated, and activity levels of the PI3K/Akt/GSK3/β-catenin pathway. Our results indicate that some beneficial effects of estradiol were abolished in the presence of progesterone, particularly in the cerebral cortex (core). However, the combinatorial treatment showed positive effects in the hippocampus.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.