ReviewFrontiers in psychology2014
Probing feedforward and feedback contributions to awareness with visual masking and transcranial magnetic stimulation.
Review in Frontiers in psychology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Meta-analysis of experimental factors influencing single-pulse TMS effects on the early visual cortex.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2024Pooled it
- Bypassing input to V1 in visual awareness: A TMS-EROS investigation.Neuropsychologia · 2024Article
- Bridging the gap between consciousness and matter: recurrent out-of-body projection of visual awareness revealed by the law of non-identity.Integrative psychological & behavioral science · 2024Article
- Causal evidence for the role of the sensory visual cortex in visual short-term memory maintenance.Royal Society open science · 2023Article
- Backward masking implicates cortico-cortical recurrent processes in convex figure context effects and cortico-thalamic recurrent processes in resolving figure-ground ambiguity.Frontiers in psychology · 2023Article
- Human perceptual and metacognitive decision-making rely on distinct brain networks.PLoS biology · 2022Article
- The perceived present: What is it, and what is it there for?Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2020Review
- Perceptual teleology: expectations of action efficiency bias social perception.Proceedings. Biological sciences · 2018Article
- Article
- Human-like perceptual masking is difficult to observe in rats performing an orientation discrimination task.PloS one · 2018Article
- Alpha suppression and connectivity modulations in left temporal and parietal cortices index partial awareness of words.NeuroImage · 2016Article
- Differential Visual Processing of Animal Images, with and without Conscious Awareness.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2016Article
- Still wanted-the mechanisms of consciousness!Frontiers in psychology · 2015Article
- Spatially specific vs. unspecific disruption of visual orientation perception using chronometric pre-stimulus TMS.Frontiers in behavioral neuroscience · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
A number of influential theories posit that visual awareness relies not only on the initial, stimulus-driven (i.e., feedforward) sweep of activation but also on recurrent feedback activity within and between brain regions. These theories of awareness draw heavily on data from masking paradigms in which visibility of one stimulus is reduced due to the presence of another stimulus. More recently transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) has been used to study the temporal dynamics of visual awareness. TMS over occipital cortex affects performance on visual tasks at distinct time points and in a manner that is comparable to visual masking. We draw parallels between these two methods and examine evidence for the neural mechanisms by which visual masking and TMS suppress stimulus visibility. Specifically, both methods have been proposed to affect feedforward as well as feedback signals when applied at distinct time windows relative to stimulus onset and as a result modify visual awareness. Most recent empirical evidence, moreover, suggests that while visual masking and TMS impact stimulus visibility comparably, the processes these methods affect may not be as similar as previously thought. In addition to reviewing both masking and TMS studies that examine feedforward and feedback processes in vision, we raise questions to guide future studies and further probe the necessary conditions for visual awareness.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.