Trial reportAcademic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges2015
The effect of an intervention to break the gender bias habit for faculty at one institution: a cluster randomized, controlled trial.
Trial report in Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 157 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
157 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 477 citations in OpenAlex.
- Sex Differences in Academic Productivity Across Academic Ranks and Specialties in Academic Medicine: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.JAMA network open · 2021Pooled it
- Discrimination Toward Physicians of Color: A Systematic Review.Journal of the National Medical Association · 2020Pooled it
- Gender Bias in Resident Assessment in Graduate Medical Education: Review of the Literature.Journal of general internal medicine · 2019Pooled it
- Strategies to Prevent or Reduce Gender Bias in Peer Review of Research Grants: A Rapid Scoping Review.PloS one · 2017Pooled it
- Effect of a Workshop to Break the Bias Habit for Internal Medicine Faculty: A Multisite Cluster Randomized Controlled Study.Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges · 2023Trial
- A Brief Online Implicit Bias Intervention for School Mental Health Clinicians.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022Trial
- Research Conducted in Women Was Deemed More Impactful but Less Publishable than the Same Research Conducted in Men.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2021Trial
- A Randomized Controlled Trial to Improve the Success of Women Assistant Professors.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2017Trial
- Mentoring Interventions for Underrepresented Scholars in Biomedical and Behavioral Sciences: Effects on Quality of Mentoring Interactions and Discussions.CBE life sciences education · 2017Trial
- A Randomized Controlled Trial of Mentoring Interventions for Underrepresented Minorities.Academic medicine : journal of the Association of American Medical Colleges · 2016Trial
- Devaluation underlies gendered US faculty departures across disciplines and institutions.PNAS nexus · 2026Article
- Quantifying institutional gender inequality in contemporary visual art.Nature communications · 2026Article
- The quiet cost of gender bias in the operating room.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2026Article
- Nonmedical Factors That Influence Diabetes Complications and Multilevel Strategies to Reduce Disparities and Improve Outcomes in the U.S.Diabetes care · 2026Article
- Through Awareness to Action: Overcoming Gender Inequities in Academic Medicine and Nephrology.Kidney international reports · 2026Article
- Where the pipeline leaks and delays: gendered academic dynamics in anatomy in Türkiye.BMC medical education · 2026Article
- Women's Conferences in Medicine: Advancing Gender Equity in Medical Education.The clinical teacher · 2026Article
- Association Between Average Annual US Medical Specialty Compensation and Percentage of Trainees in the Specialty Who Are Female.Journal of graduate medical education · 2025Article
- Gender Equity Education in Oncology: A Survey Study of Hematology-Oncology Fellowship Program Directors.Journal of cancer education : the official journal of the American Association for Cancer Education · 2025Article
- Examining Barriers to Practice in Genitourinary and Gynecologic Radiation Oncology: Results from 2 Nationwide Surveys.Advances in radiation oncology · 2025Article
97 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
purposeDespite sincere commitment to egalitarian, meritocratic principles, subtle gender bias persists, constraining women's opportunities for academic advancement. The authors implemented a pair-matched, single-blind, cluster randomized, controlled study of a gender-bias-habit-changing intervention at a large public university.
methodParticipants were faculty in 92 departments or divisions at the University of Wisconsin-Madison. Between September 2010 and March 2012, experimental departments were offered a gender-bias-habit-changing intervention as a 2.5-hour workshop. Surveys measured gender bias awareness; motivation, self-efficacy, and outcome expectations to reduce bias; and gender equity action. A timed word categorization task measured implicit gender/leadership bias. Faculty completed a work-life survey before and after all experimental departments received the intervention. Control departments were offered workshops after data were collected.
resultsLinear mixed-effects models showed significantly greater changes post intervention for faculty in experimental versus control departments on several outcome measures, including self-efficacy to engage in gender-equity-promoting behaviors (P = .013). When ≥ 25% of a department's faculty attended the workshop (26 of 46 departments), significant increases in self-reported action to promote gender equity occurred at three months (P = .007). Post intervention, faculty in experimental departments expressed greater perceptions of fit (P = .024), valuing of their research (P = .019), and comfort in raising personal and professional conflicts (P = .025).
conclusionsAn intervention that facilitates intentional behavioral change can help faculty break the gender bias habit and change department climate in ways that should support the career advancement of women in academic medicine, science, and engineering.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.