Trial reportCNS drugs2014
A single-dose pilot trial of intranasal rapid-acting insulin in apolipoprotein E4 carriers with mild-moderate Alzheimer's disease.
Trial report in CNS drugs, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 39 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
HAND IN Insulin-001: Intranasal Treatment of HIV-associated Neurocognitive Disorders
Investigating Brain Insulin Resistance in Alzheimer Disease with Intra-Nasal Insulin Administration: a Multimodal Neuroimaging Study
Who cites it
39 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 57 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effect of antidiabetic drugs in Alzheimer´s disease: a systematic review of preclinical and clinical studies.Molecular neurodegeneration · 2025Pooled it
- Outcomes and clinical implications of intranasal insulin on cognition in humans: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2023Pooled it
- Efficacy of intranasal insulin in improving cognition in mild cognitive impairment or dementia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in aging neuroscience · 2022Pooled it
- Intranasal insulin in Alzheimer's dementia or mild cognitive impairment: a systematic review.Journal of neurology · 2018Pooled it
- Trial
- Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Pilot Investigation of the Safety of a Single Dose of Rapid-Acting Intranasal Insulin in Down Syndrome.Drugs in R&D · 2020Trial
- Intranasal insulin for the treatment of alcohol use disorder: design and methodology of an alcohol interaction randomized controlled trial.Contemporary clinical trials communications · 2025Article
- Nose-to-brain drug delivery: from bench to bedside.Translational neurodegeneration · 2025Review
- The role of lipid metabolism in cognitive impairment.Arquivos de neuro-psiquiatria · 2025Review
- Effects of a high-fat diet on cognition and brain distribution of intranasal insulin in E3 and E4 male and female mice.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Alzheimer's disease phenotype based upon the carrier status of the apolipoprotein E ɛ4 allele.Brain pathology (Zurich, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Safety and efficacy of intranasal insulin in patients with Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of clinical and translational research · 2023Review
- Biomaterials-Enhanced Intranasal Delivery of Drugs as a Direct Route for Brain Targeting.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Multi-Targeting Intranasal Nanoformulation as a Therapeutic for Alzheimer's Disease.Biomolecules · 2023Article
- Current Insights on the Use of Insulin and the Potential Use of Insulin Mimetics in Targeting Insulin Signalling in Alzheimer's Disease.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Review
- Diabetes: Risk factor and translational therapeutic implications for Alzheimer's disease.The European journal of neuroscience · 2022Article
- Nonobese Male Patients with Alzheimer's Disease Are Vulnerable to Decrease in Plasma Leptin.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2022Article
- Intranasal insulin and orexins to treat age-related cognitive decline.Physiology & behavior · 2021Review
- Repurposing Licensed Drugs for Use Against Alzheimer's Disease.Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
introductionIntranasal (IN) insulin acutely improves verbal memory in mild cognitive impairment (MCI)/Alzheimer's disease (AD), but its therapeutic effects may be attenuated in apolipoprotein E4 (ApoE4) carriers. Furthermore, rapid-acting (RA) insulins may have superior therapeutic effects compared with regular insulin types.
objectivesTo measure the safety and efficacy of intranasally delivered RA glulisine in ApoE4 carriers with mild-moderate AD.
methodsWe performed a double-blinded, randomized, cross-over study of RA insulin glulisine in nine mild-moderate AD subjects to better understand the relationship between RA insulin, ApoE4 carrier status and memory performance.
resultsIN glulisine was well tolerated but failed to have an acute impact on cognition in ApoE4 carriers with AD. Serum insulin levels acutely dropped following treatment, but peripheral glucose levels remained unchanged.
conclusionLarger clinical trials of longer duration are necessary to better understand the relationships between RA insulin, ApoE4 carrier status and cognitive performance in AD.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.