Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25372181›Full record

ArticleNPJ primary care respiratory medicine2014

Patients' experience of identifying and managing exacerbations in COPD: a qualitative study.

Veronika Williams, Maxine Hardinge, Sara Ryan, Andrew Farmer

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in NPJ primary care respiratory medicine, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Differentiating the start of an exacerbation from day-to-day variation in people with COPD: a systematic review.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2026
    Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. ADAMTS5 May Serve as a Useful Biomarker for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Is Disease Stability an Attainable Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Treatment Goal?American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025
    Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Giving Voice to People - Experiences During Mild to Moderate Acute Exacerbations of COPD.Chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (Miami, Fla.) · 2022
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Care-seeking and delay of care during COPD exacerbations.NPJ primary care respiratory medicine · 2022
    Observational
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  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Veronika WilliamsNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Maxine HardingeOxford Centre of Respiratory Medicine, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Churchill Hospital, Oxford, UK.
Sara RyanNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.
Andrew FarmerNuffield Department of Primary Care Health Sciences, University of Oxford, Oxford, UK.

Funding

Department of HealthWellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundEffective self-management in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is crucial to reduce hospital admissions and improve outcomes for patients. This includes early detection and treatment of exacerbations by patients themselves.

aimsTo explore patients' current understanding and experience of managing and identifying COPD exacerbations at home.

methodsA qualitative, interview-based study was carried out in patients' homes. Interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed and analysed using a grounded theory approach. Forty-four patients (17 women, 27 men; age range 55-85 years), with moderate-to-very-severe COPD, were recruited to the interview study from primary and secondary care settings in Oxford, UK, during 2012-2013.

resultsPatients identified exacerbations on the basis of measurable, 'visible' symptoms, such as cough and sputum and 'invisible' symptoms, such as chest sensations and bodily knowledge. Most patients seemed to use a combination of these approaches when identifying exacerbations, according to the symptoms that had the most impact on their well-being. Patients used additional self-management strategies during an exacerbation, such as self-medication (antibiotics and steroids) and monitored their recovery. Contact with health-care professionals usually occurred when patients felt no longer able to manage themselves.

conclusionsPatients use both assessment of objective biomarkers, which are aligned with medical knowledge, and subjective symptoms based on their experience, to identify and manage exacerbations of COPD. Health-care professionals and clinicians should acknowledge this 'expert patient' knowledge and integrate this into patients' care plans to facilitate early recognition and treatment of exacerbations.

Indexed as

Self CareAgedAged, 80 and overDisease ProgressionFemaleHumansInterviews as TopicMaleMiddle AgedPulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructiveQualitative Research

Identifiers

PMID25372181
PMCPMC4498166

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.