ArticleJournal of epidemiology and community health2015
First population-level effectiveness evaluation of a national programme to prevent HIV transmission from mother to child, South Africa.
Article in Journal of epidemiology and community health, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 66 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
66 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Pooled it
- A cluster randomized controlled trial of lay health worker support for prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) in South Africa.AIDS research and therapy · 2017Trial
- Early infant diagnosis: a pillar in preventing mother-to-child HIV transmission - a narrative review.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2025Review
- Comparison of infant feeding practices by maternal HIV status, and associated factors, in a rural district, South Africa 2019.International breastfeeding journal · 2025Article
- The impact of evolving maternal antiretroviral therapy guidelines on vertical transmission of HIV in the Western Cape, South Africa.PloS one · 2025Article
- Global, regional, and national age-specific progress towards the 2020 milestones of the WHO End TB Strategy: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2021.The Lancet. Infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Improving Access to PMTCT Through the Involvement of Traditional Birth Attendants in Program Activities in the Far North Region of Cameroon: A Retrospective Cohort Study.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Article
- Augmenting progress on the elimination of vertical transmissions of HIV in India: Insights from Spectrum-based HIV burden estimations.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Health facility users' knowledge, perceptions, and practices about infant feeding in the context of option B+ in South Africa: a qualitative study.International breastfeeding journal · 2022Article
- Impact of antenatal antiretroviral drug exposure on the growth of children who are HIV-exposed uninfected: the national South African Prevention of Mother to Child Evaluation cohort study.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- A risk measurement tool for targeted HIV prevention measures amongst young pregnant and lactating women in South Africa.BMC public health · 2022Article
- Uptake of HIV testing among aging adults in Agincourt, South Africa: perception of community, social network, and individual characteristics.African journal of AIDS research : AJAR · 2022Article
- Final HIV status outcome for HIV-exposed infants at 18 months of age in nine states and the Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria.PloS one · 2022Article
- Article
- Factors Associated With Peripartum Virologic Suppression in Eastern Cape Province, South Africa: A Retrospective Cross-Sectional Analysis.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2021Article
- Improving Sampling Efficiency for Determining Pediatric HIV Prevalence in National Surveys: Evidence From 8 Sub-Saharan African Countries.Journal of acquired immune deficiency syndromes (1999) · 2021Article
- Nutrition in HIV-Infected Infants and Children: Current Knowledge, Existing Challenges, and New Dietary Management Opportunities.Advances in nutrition (Bethesda, Md.) · 2021Review
- Prevention of mother-to-child HIV transmission program in Iran.BMC public health · 2021Article
- Impact of breastfeeding, maternal antiretroviral treatment and health service factors on 18-month vertical transmission of HIV and HIV-free survival: results from a nationally representative HIV-exposed infant cohort, South Africa.Journal of epidemiology and community health · 2020Review
- Viral suppression and factors associated with failure to achieve viral suppression among pregnant women in South Africa.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Article
6 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
15 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThere is a paucity of data on the national population-level effectiveness of preventing mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programmes in high-HIV-prevalence, resource-limited settings. We assessed national PMTCT impact in South Africa (SA), 2010.
methodsA facility-based survey was conducted using a stratified multistage, cluster sampling design. A nationally representative sample of 10 178 infants aged 4-8 weeks was recruited from 565 clinics. Data collection included caregiver interviews, record reviews and infant dried blood spots to identify HIV-exposed infants (HEI) and HIV-infected infants. During analysis, self-reported antiretroviral (ARV) use was categorised: 1a: triple ARV treatment; 1b: azidothymidine >10 weeks; 2a: azidothymidine ≤10 weeks; 2b: incomplete ARV prophylaxis; 3a: no antenatal ARV and 3b: missing ARV information. Findings were adjusted for non-response, survey design and weighted for live-birth distributions.
resultsNationally, 32% of live infants were HEI; early mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) was 3.5% (95% CI 2.9% to 4.1%). In total 29.4% HEI were born to mothers on triple ARV treatment (category 1a) 55.6% on prophylaxis (1b, 2a, 2b), 9.5% received no antenatal ARV (3a) and 5.5% had missing ARV information (3b). Controlling for other factors groups, 1b and 2a had similar MTCT to 1a (Ref; adjusted OR (AOR) for 1b, 0.98, 0.52 to 1.83; and 2a, 1.31, 0.69 to 2.48). MTCT was higher in group 2b (AOR 3.68, 1.69 to 7.97). Within group 3a, early MTCT was highest among breastfeeding mothers 11.50% (4.67% to 18.33%) for exclusive breast feeding, 11.90% (7.45% to 16.35%) for mixed breast feeding, and 3.45% (0.53% to 6.35%) for no breast feeding). Antiretroviral therapy or >10 weeks prophylaxis negated this difference (MTCT 3.94%, 1.98% to 5.90%; 2.07%, 0.55% to 3.60% and 2.11%, 1.28% to 2.95%, respectively).
conclusionsSA, a high-HIV-prevalence middle income country achieved <5% MTCT by 4-8 weeks post partum. The long-term impact on PMTCT on HIV-free survival needs urgent assessment.
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