Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25371361›Full record

ArticleDevelopment (Cambridge, England)2014

Wnt/β-catenin and FGF signalling direct the specification and maintenance of a neuromesodermal axial progenitor in ensembles of mouse embryonic stem cells.

David A Turner, Penelope C Hayward, Peter Baillie-Johnson, Pau Rué, Rebecca Broome, Fernando Faunes, Alfonso Martinez Arias

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Development (Cambridge, England), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 99 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
99citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

99 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Review
  5. From genes to germ layers: virtual twins of gastruloids.NPJ systems biology and applications · 2026
    Review
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. N2B27 media formulations influence gastruloid development.Development (Cambridge, England) · 2025
    Article
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Dual genetic tracing demonstrates the heterogeneous differentiation and function of neuromesodermal progenitors in vivo.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

39 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

David A TurnerDepartment of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK.
Penelope C HaywardDepartment of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK.
Peter Baillie-JohnsonDepartment of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK.
Pau RuéDepartment of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK.
Rebecca BroomeDepartment of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK.
Fernando FaunesDepartment of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK.
Alfonso Martinez AriasDepartment of Genetics, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB2 3EH, UK ama11@gen.cam.ac.uk.

Funding

Wellcome Trust
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The development of the central nervous system is known to result from two sequential events. First, an inductive event of the mesoderm on the overlying ectoderm that generates a neural plate that, after rolling into a neural tube, acts as the main source of neural progenitors. Second, the axial regionalization of the neural plate that will result in the specification of neurons with different anteroposterior identities. Although this description of the process applies with ease to amphibians and fish, it is more difficult to confirm in amniote embryos. Here, a specialized population of cells emerges at the end of gastrulation that, under the influence of Wnt and FGF signalling, expands and generates the spinal cord and the paraxial mesoderm. This population is known as the long-term neuromesodermal precursor (NMp). Here, we show that controlled increases of Wnt/β-catenin and FGF signalling during adherent culture differentiation of mouse embryonic stem cells (mESCs) generates a population with many of the properties of the NMp. A single-cell analysis of gene expression within this population reveals signatures that are characteristic of stem cell populations. Furthermore, when this activation is triggered in three-dimensional aggregates of mESCs, the population self-organizes macroscopically and undergoes growth and axial elongation that mimics some of the features of the embryonic spinal cord and paraxial mesoderm. We use both adherent and three-dimensional cultures of mESCs to probe the establishment and maintenance of NMps and their differentiation.

Indexed as

AnimalsCell Culture TechniquesCell LineageCentral Nervous SystemEmbryonic InductionFibroblast Growth FactorsFlow CytometryFluorescenceGene Expression Regulation, DevelopmentalMesodermMiceMorphogenesisReal-Time Polymerase Chain ReactionSingle-Cell AnalysisTime-Lapse ImagingWnt Signaling PathwayFibroblast Growth FactorsMesodermalMorphogenesisNeuralStem cellsWnt signalling

Identifiers

PMID25371361
PMCPMC4302903

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.