ArticleGenome biology2014
Gene flow in environmental Legionella pneumophila leads to genetic and pathogenic heterogeneity within a Legionnaires' disease outbreak.
Article in Genome biology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.
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Who cites it
29 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.
- Strain tracking in complex microbiomes using synteny analysis reveals per-species modes of evolution.Nature biotechnology · 2025Article
- Evaluating Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy with IR Biotyper as a faster and simpler method for investigating the sources of an outbreak of legionellosis.European journal of clinical microbiology & infectious diseases : official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology · 2024Article
- High performanceApplied and environmental microbiology · 2024Article
- Genotypic and phenotypic profiling of 127 Legionella pneumophila strains: Insights into regional spread.PloS one · 2024Article
- Genome analysis ofLife science alliance · 2022Article
- Population analysis of Legionella pneumophila reveals a basis for resistance to complement-mediated killing.Nature communications · 2021Article
- Type I-F CRISPR-Cas Distribution and Array Dynamics inG3 (Bethesda, Md.) · 2020Article
- Air-conditioner cooling towers as complex reservoirs and continuous source ofEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2019Article
- Low genomic diversity of Legionella pneumophila within clinical specimens.Clinical microbiology and infection : the official publication of the European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases · 2018Article
- Genomic heterogeneity differentiates clinical and environmental subgroups of Legionella pneumophila sequence type 1.PloS one · 2018Article
- Comparison of Database Search Methods for the Detection ofFrontiers in microbiology · 2018Article
- Differences in Virulence BetweenFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2018Article
- Article
- A Supervised Statistical Learning Approach for Accurate Legionella pneumophila Source Attribution during Outbreaks.Applied and environmental microbiology · 2017Article
- Epidemiological information is key when interpreting whole genome sequence data - lessons learned from a largeEuro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2017Article
- Genomic investigation of a suspected outbreak of Legionella pneumophila ST82 reveals undetected heterogeneity by the present gold-standard methods, Denmark, July to November 2014.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2017Article
- Dynamics and impact of homologous recombination on the evolution of Legionella pneumophila.PLoS genetics · 2017Article
- Seeding and Establishment of Legionella pneumophila in Hospitals: Implications for Genomic Investigations of Nosocomial Legionnaires' Disease.Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2017Article
- Active and adaptive Legionella CRISPR-Cas reveals a recurrent challenge to the pathogen.Cellular microbiology · 2016Article
- Dynamics of genome change among Legionella species.Scientific reports · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundLegionnaires' disease is a severe form of pneumonia caused by the environmental bacterium Legionella pneumophila. Outbreaks commonly affect people with known risk factors, but the genetic and pathogenic complexity of L. pneumophila within an outbreak is not well understood. Here, we investigate the etiology of the major Legionnaires' disease outbreak that occurred in Edinburgh, UK, in 2012, by examining the evolutionary history, genome content, and virulence of L. pneumophila clinical isolates.
resultsOur high resolution genomic approach reveals that the outbreak was caused by multiple genetic subtypes of L. pneumophila, the majority of which had diversified from a single progenitor through mutation, recombination, and horizontal gene transfer within an environmental reservoir prior to release. In addition, we discover that some patients were infected with multiple L. pneumophila subtypes, a finding which can affect the certainty of source attribution. Importantly, variation in the complement of type IV secretion systems encoded by different genetic subtypes correlates with virulence in a Galleria mellonella model of infection, revealing variation in pathogenic potential among the outbreak source population of L. pneumophila.
conclusionsTaken together, our study indicates previously cryptic levels of pathogen heterogeneity within a Legionnaires' disease outbreak, a discovery that impacts on source attribution for future outbreak investigations. Furthermore, our data suggest that in addition to host immune status, pathogen diversity may be an important influence on the clinical outcome of individual outbreak infections.
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