ArticleLife (Basel, Switzerland)2014
Three-Dimensional Algebraic Models of the tRNA Code and 12 Graphs for Representing the Amino Acids.
Article in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- StabLyzeGraph: High-throughput screening of combinatorial mutations using graph neural networks.Protein science : a publication of the Protein Society · 2026Article
- BeyondChemical reviews · 2025Review
- A unified model of the standard genetic code.Royal Society open science · 2017Article
- On the Uniqueness of the Standard Genetic Code.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2017Article
- The RNA World: 4,000,000,050 years old.Life (Basel, Switzerland) · 2015Article
- Symmetrical and Thermodynamic Properties of Phenotypic Graphs of Amino Acids Encoded by the Primeval RNY Code.Origins of life and evolution of the biosphere : the journal of the International Society for the Study of the Origin of Life · 2015Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
Three-dimensional algebraic models, also called Genetic Hotels, are developed to represent the Standard Genetic Code, the Standard tRNA Code (S-tRNA-C), and the Human tRNA code (H-tRNA-C). New algebraic concepts are introduced to be able to describe these models, to wit, the generalization of the 2n-Klein Group and the concept of a subgroup coset with a tail. We found that the H-tRNA-C displayed broken symmetries in regard to the S-tRNA-C, which is highly symmetric. We also show that there are only 12 ways to represent each of the corresponding phenotypic graphs of amino acids. The averages of statistical centrality measures of the 12 graphs for each of the three codes are carried out and they are statistically compared. The phenotypic graphs of the S-tRNA-C display a common triangular prism of amino acids in 10 out of the 12 graphs, whilst the corresponding graphs for the H-tRNA-C display only two triangular prisms. The graphs exhibit disjoint clusters of amino acids when their polar requirement values are used. We contend that the S-tRNA-C is in a frozen-like state, whereas the H-tRNA-C may be in an evolving state.
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Registered trials
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