Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25370196›Full record

ArticleLife (Basel, Switzerland)2014

The evolution of the ribosome and the genetic code.

Hyman Hartman, Temple F Smith

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Life (Basel, Switzerland), 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 29 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
29citing papers in PubMed
0.1field-weighted citation impact, top 48% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

29 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Science of the gaps.Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological sciences · 2025
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Protein Fold Usages in Ribosomes: Another Glance to the Past.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024
    Article
  4. Review
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. On the Evolutionary History of the Twenty Encoded Amino Acids.Chemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany) · 2022
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Selective incorporation of proteinaceous over nonproteinaceous cationic amino acids in model prebiotic oligomerization reactions.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019
    Article
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Frozen in Time: The History of Proteins.Molecular biology and evolution · 2017
    Article
  20. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Hyman HartmanEarth, Atmosphere, and Planetary Science Department, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA. hhartman@mit.edu.
Temple F SmithBioMedical Engineering, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA. templesmith1@comcast.net.
Boston University · USPlanetary Science Institute · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The evolution of the genetic code is mapped out starting with the aminoacyl tRNA-synthetases and their interaction with the operational code in the tRNA acceptor arm. Combining this operational code with a metric based on the biosynthesis of amino acids from the Citric acid, we come to the conclusion that the earliest genetic code was a Guanine Cytosine (GC) code. This has implications for the likely earliest positively charged amino acids. The progression from this pure GC code to the extant one is traced out in the evolution of the Large Ribosomal Subunit, LSU, and its proteins; in particular those associated with the Peptidyl Transfer Center (PTC) and the nascent peptide exit tunnel. This progression has implications for the earliest encoded peptides and their evolutionary progression into full complex proteins.

Identifiers

PMID25370196
PMCPMC4187167
OpenAlexW1609857553

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.