Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25367022›Full record

ArticleBrain : a journal of neurology2015

Reduced anterior insula, enlarged amygdala in alcoholism and associated depleted von Economo neurons.

Vladimir V Senatorov, Ruslan Damadzic, Claire L Mann, Melanie L Schwandt, David T George, Daniel W Hommer, Markus Heilig, Reza Momenan

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Brain : a journal of neurology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 42 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
42citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

42 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

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  14. Reduced anterior insular cortex volume in male heroin addicts: a postmortem study.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2023
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  16. Mapping frontoinsular cortex from diffusion microstructure.Cerebral cortex (New York, N.Y. : 1991) · 2023
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Vladimir V Senatorov1 Section on Brain Electrophysiology and Imaging, Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Studies National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Ruslan Damadzic2 Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Studies National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Claire L Mann1 Section on Brain Electrophysiology and Imaging, Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Studies National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Melanie L Schwandt2 Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Studies National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
David T George2 Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Studies National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Daniel W Hommer1 Section on Brain Electrophysiology and Imaging, Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Studies National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Markus Heilig2 Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Studies National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Reza Momenan1 Section on Brain Electrophysiology and Imaging, Laboratory of Clinical and Translational Studies National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA rezam@nih.gov.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The insula, a structure involved in higher order representation of interoceptive states, has recently been implicated in drug craving and social stress. Here, we performed brain magnetic resonance imaging to measure volumes of the insula and amygdala, a structure with reciprocal insular connections, in 26 alcohol-dependent patients and 24 healthy volunteers (aged 22-56 years, nine females in each group). We used an established morphometry method to quantify total and regional insular volumes. Volumetric measurements of the amygdala were obtained using a model-based segmentation/registration tool. In alcohol-dependent patients, anterior insula volumes were bilaterally reduced compared to healthy volunteers (left by 10%, right by 11%, normalized to total brain volumes). Furthermore, alcohol-dependent patients, compared with healthy volunteers, had bilaterally increased amygdala volumes. The left amygdala was increased by 28% and the right by 29%, normalized to total brain volumes. Post-mortem studies of the anterior insula showed that the reduced anterior insular volume may be associated with a population of von Economo neurons, which were 60% diminished in subjects with a history of alcoholism (n = 6) as compared to subjects without a history of alcoholism (n = 6) (aged 32-56 years, all males). The pattern of neuroanatomical change observed in our alcohol-dependent patients might result in a loss of top-down control of amygdala function, potentially contributing to impaired social cognition as well as an inability to control negatively reinforced alcohol seeking and use.

Indexed as

AdultAlcoholismAmygdalaAnalysis of VarianceCerebral CortexFemaleHumansImage Processing, Computer-AssistedMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedMood DisordersNeuronsYoung AdultalcoholismamygdalainsulaMRIvon Economo neurons

Identifiers

PMID25367022
PMCPMC4285187

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.