Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25366536›Full record

ReviewSpinal cord2015

Pressure ulcers in people with spinal cord injury in developing nations.

E C Zakrasek, G Creasey, J D Crew

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Spinal cord, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 52 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
52citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

52 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Electrical stimulation for treating pressure ulcers.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020
    Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pressure Injury Data Reconciliation in a Randomized Controlled Trial.Archives of physical medicine and rehabilitation · 2023
    Trial
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Trial
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Prophylactic Sacral Dressing in Prevention of Pressure Injury among ICU Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Indian journal of critical care medicine : peer-reviewed, official publication of Indian Society of Critical Care Medicine · 2025
    Review
  14. Review
  15. Article
  16. Quality of in-hospital care in traumatic spinal column and cord injuries (TSC/SCI) in I.R Iran.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2024
    Review
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

E C ZakrasekDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
G Creasey1] Spinal Cord Injury Service, VA Palo Alto Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA [2] Department of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Palo Alto, CA, USA.
J D CrewSpinal Cord Injury Service, Santa Clara Valley Medical Center, San Jose, CA, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

STUDY

designLiterature review.

objectivesTo explore the prevalence or incidence, risk factors, and costs of pressure ulcers among individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI), specifically in the context of the developing world. To highlight important targets for intervention and research for pressure ulcer management the world over.

settingWorld Bank 'low-income' and 'middle-income' countries with a gross national income per capita <$12 746.

methodsPubMed search.

resultsSCI-associated pressure ulcers are very prevalent in developing nations; however, reported prevalence and incidence numbers are highly variable. Risk factors for pressure ulcers are similar in developed and developing countries however many of the risk factors are more prevalent in developing nations.

conclusionSCI-associated pressure ulcers are common but can be prevented in the developing world. Key targets for interventions include acute care, nurse-to-patient ratios, support surfaces and education.

Indexed as

Developing CountriesHumansPressure UlcerPubMedSpinal Cord Injuries

Identifiers

PMID25366536

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.