ReviewBirth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology2015
Is there evidence for potential harm of electronic cigarette use in pregnancy?
Review in Birth defects research. Part A, Clinical and molecular teratology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 82 citations in OpenAlex.
- Overview of Electronic Nicotine Delivery Systems: A Systematic Review.American journal of preventive medicine · 2017Pooled it
- Impact of E-Cigarettes on Fetal and Neonatal Lung Development: The Influence of Oxidative Stress and Inflammation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Article
- Acute exposure to electronic cigarette components alters mRNA expression of pre-osteoblasts.FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology · 2024Article
- Article
- Attitude and Practice Toward Use of Cigarettes and Electronic Cigarettes Among Pregnant Women: A Questionnaire-Based Survey.Turkish thoracic journal · 2022Article
- Effects of prenatal alcohol and delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol exposure via electronic cigarettes on motor development.Alcoholism, clinical and experimental research · 2022Article
- The Association Between Electronic Cigarette Use During Pregnancy and Unfavorable Birth Outcomes.Cureus · 2022Article
- In utero exposures to mint-flavored JUUL aerosol impair lung development and aggravate house dust mite-induced asthma in adult offspring mice.Toxicology · 2022Article
- In utero exposure to electronic-cigarette aerosols decreases lung fibrillar collagen content, increases Newtonian resistance and induces sex-specific molecular signatures in neonatal mice.Toxicological research · 2022Article
- A Model of Combined Exposure to Nicotine and TetrahydrocannabinolFrontiers in neuroscience · 2022Article
- Longitudinal Examination of Prenatal Tobacco Switching Behaviors and Birth Outcomes, Including Electronic Nicotine Delivery System (ENDS) and Dual Use.Maternal and child health journal · 2021Article
- Sex dependent effect of maternal e-nicotine on F1 Drosophila development and airways.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Study on E-Cigarettes and Pregnancy (STEP) - Results of a Mixed Methods Study on Risk Perception of E-Cigarette Use During Pregnancy.Geburtshilfe und Frauenheilkunde · 2021Article
- Smoking and pregnancy: The era of electronic nicotine delivery systems.Obstetric medicine · 2020Review
- Changes in Multiple and Different Tobacco Product Use Behaviors in Women Before and During Pregnancy: An Analysis of Longitudinal Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Data.American journal of preventive medicine · 2020Article
- Electronic cigarettes may not be a "safer alternative" of conventional cigarettes during pregnancy: evidence from the nationally representative PRAMS data.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Article
- The impact of tobacco chemicals and nicotine on placental development.Prenatal diagnosis · 2020Review
- Electronic Cigarette Use During Preconception and/or Pregnancy: Prevalence, Characteristics, and Concurrent Mental Health Conditions.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2020Article
- Exposure to Tobacco, Environmental Tobacco Smoke and Nicotine in Pregnancy: A Pragmatic Overview of Reviews of Maternal and Child Outcomes, Effectiveness of Interventions and Barriers and Facilitators to Quitting.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundUse of electronic cigarettes (e-cigarettes) and other nicotine containing products is increasing among women of reproductive age. The short- and long-term effects of these products on both mother and fetus are unknown.
methodsBecause e-cigarettes are nicotine delivery systems, we sought to conduct a comprehensive review of the effects of nicotine on the fetus.
resultsIn utero nicotine exposure in animal models is associated with adverse effects for the offspring lung, cardiovascular system and brain. In the lung, this included reduced surface area, weight, and volume, as well as emphysema-like lesions. In adulthood, exposed offspring demonstrate elevated blood pressure and increased perivascular adipose tissue. In the brain, exposure alters offspring serotonergic, dopaminergic, and norepinephrine networks, which in turn are associated with behavioral and cognitive impairments. We also review current data on the lack of efficacy of nicotine replacement therapy in pregnant women, and highlight different nicotine containing products such as snuff, snus, and hookah.
conclusionWe conclude that no amount of nicotine is known to be safe during pregnancy, and studies specifically addressing this risk are crucial and an imminent public health issue.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.