ArticleJournal of neuro-oncology2015
Dendritic cell vaccination combined with temozolomide retreatment: results of a phase I trial in patients with recurrent glioblastoma multiforme.
Article in Journal of neuro-oncology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 38 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
38 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 62 citations in OpenAlex.
- Autologous tumor lysate-loaded dendritic cell vaccination in glioblastoma patients: a systematic review of literature.Clinical & translational oncology : official publication of the Federation of Spanish Oncology Societies and of the National Cancer Institute of Mexico · 2025Pooled it
- Personalised therapeutic approaches to glioblastoma: A systematic review.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Congress of Neurological Surgeons systematic review and evidence-based guidelines update on the role of targeted therapies and immunotherapies in the management of progressive glioblastoma.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2022Pooled it
- Blood Biomarkers of Glioma in Response Assessment Including Pseudoprogression and Other Treatment Effects: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in oncology · 2020Pooled it
- Health-related quality of life as an endpoint in oncology phase I trials: a systematic review.BMC cancer · 2019Pooled it
- Phase 2 study of AV-GBM-1 (a tumor-initiating cell targeted dendritic cell vaccine) in newly diagnosed Glioblastoma patients: safety and efficacy assessment.Journal of experimental & clinical cancer research : CR · 2022Trial
- Chemotherapy-Activated GSK3β-DNMT1 Signaling Upregulates CD47 to Evade Macrophage Phagocytosis and Drive Temozolomide Resistance in Glioblastoma.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Temozolomide alters the expression pattern of immune mediators in monocyte-derived dendritic cells.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- A Comprehensive Review of Immunotherapeutic Modalities in Glioblastoma: Mechanisms, Efficacy, and Safety ConsiderationsCancers · 2026Review
- Circulating biomarkers in high-grade gliomas: current insights and future perspectives.Journal of neuro-oncology · 2025Review
- Dendritic cell therapy for neurospoagioma: Immunomodulation mediated by tumor vaccine.Cell death discovery · 2024Review
- Advancements in dendritic cell vaccination: enhancing efficacy and optimizing combinatorial strategies for the treatment of glioblastoma.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Immunotherapy associated central nervous system complications in primary brain tumors.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Review
- DC vaccines loaded with glioma cells killed by photodynamic therapy induce Th17 anti-tumor immunity and provide a four-gene signature for glioma prognosis.Cell death & disease · 2022Article
- Immunogenic cell death and its therapeutic or prognostic potential in high-grade glioma.Genes and immunity · 2022Review
- Repeat laser interstitial thermal therapy for recurrent primary and metastatic intracranial tumors.Surgical neurology international · 2022Article
- Targeting Neuroinflammation in Brain Cancer: Uncovering Mechanisms, Pharmacological Targets, and Neuropharmaceutical Developments.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Review
- Dendritic Cell Vaccination of Glioblastoma: Road to Success or Dead End.Frontiers in immunology · 2021Review
- Review
- Enhancing Dendritic Cell Therapy in Solid Tumors with Immunomodulating Conventional Treatment.Molecular therapy oncolytics · 2019Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
There is no standard treatment for recurrent glioblastoma multiforme (GBM). Retreatment with temozolomide (TMZ) is one treatment option. We reasoned this could be more effective if combined with a vaccine that preferentially targeted TMZ-resistant cells. To test the feasibility and safety of such an approach, a phase 1 trial was conducted in which patients with GBM tumors relapsing after standard chemoradiotherapy were retreated with TMZ in combination with a vaccine consisting of monocyte-derived dendritic cells (DC) pulsed with autologous tumor cells that had previously been exposed to TMZ in vivo in the course of primary treatment. Of 14 participants, nine patients completed the initial phase of priming vaccinations and two cycles of TMZ, one proved to have radionecrosis, one rapidly progressed, and in three the yield of DC vaccine was insufficient to proceed with treatment. Other than expected toxicities related to TMZ, there were no adverse events attributable to the combined treatment. Two patients had objective radiological responses. Six month progression-free survival was 22 %, similar to retreatment with TMZ alone. Anti-tumor immune responses were assessed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells using interferon-γ ELISpot, with two patients meeting criteria for a vaccine-induced immune response, one of whom remained disease-free for nearly three years. Another patient with an anti-tumor immune response at baseline that was sustained post-vaccination experienced a 12-month period of progression-free survival. In summary, the combined treatment was safe and well-tolerated but feasibility in the recurrent setting was marginal. Evidence of immune responses in a few patients broadly correlated with better clinical outcome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.