ArticleClinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America2015
Long-term protection from isoniazid preventive therapy for tuberculosis in HIV-infected patients in a medium-burden tuberculosis setting: the TB/HIV in Rio (THRio) study.
Article in Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03302299 (URBAN ARCH), which is not on this map. Cited by 46 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
URBAN ARCH (3/5) Uganda Cohort TB Preventive Therapy for HIV-infected Alcohol Users in Uganda: an Evaluation of Safety Tolerability and Adherence
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 103 citations in OpenAlex.
- Programmatic effectiveness of tuberculosis preventive treatment for people with HIV in six high-tuberculosis-burden countries (PROTECT): a prospective cohort study and meta-analysis.The lancet. HIV · 2026Pooled it
- Tuberculosis preventive therapy for people living with HIV: A systematic review and network meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2021Pooled it
- The latent tuberculosis cascade-of-care among people living with HIV: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PLoS medicine · 2021Pooled it
- Continuous isoniazid for the treatment of latent tuberculosis infection in people living with HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2016Pooled it
- Primary Prophylaxis to Prevent Tuberculosis Infection in Prison Inmates: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Trial.The American journal of tropical medicine and hygiene · 2020Trial
- CD4+ cell count stratification to guide tuberculosis preventive therapy for people living with HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2020Trial
- One Month of Rifapentine plus Isoniazid to Prevent HIV-Related Tuberculosis.The New England journal of medicine · 2019Trial
- Comprehensive tuberculosis screening and preventive treatment in schools and congregate settings of India (2017-2024): a prospective study.The Lancet regional health. Southeast Asia · 2026Article
- Analysis of Tuberculosis Preventive Treatment Cascade Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Georgia: A Mixed-Methods Study.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Article
- Sex differences in tuberculosis infection and disease among people with HIV.AIDS (London, England) · 2025Article
- Efficacy and Possible Mechanism(s) of Action of Gallium Tetraphenylporphyrin Nanoparticles against HIV-TB Coinfection in anACS infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Factors associated with uptake of isoniazid preventive therapy among children living with HIV in Mwanza region, Tanzania: a cross-sectional study.BMC public health · 2024Article
- TB prevalence among pregnant women with HIV in Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2024Article
- Understanding patient-level costs of weekly isoniazid-rifapentine (3HP) among people living with HIV in Uganda.The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2023Article
- Burden of HIV and treatment outcomes among TB patients in rural Kenya: a 9-year longitudinal study.BMC infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Landscape of TB Infection and Prevention among People Living with HIV.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Isoniazid Adherence Reduces Mortality and Incident Tuberculosis at 96 Weeks Among Adults Initiating Antiretroviral Therapy With Advanced Human Immunodeficiency Virus in Multiple High-Burden Settings.Open forum infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Multidrug-resistant bacteria with ESBL genes: a growing threat among people living with HIV/AIDS in Nepal.BMC infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Article
- HIV-associated tuberculosis.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe duration of protection against tuberculosis provided by isoniazid preventive therapy is not known for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected individuals living in settings of medium tuberculosis incidence.
methodsWe conducted an individual-level analysis of participants in a cluster-randomized, phased-implementation trial of isoniazid preventive therapy. HIV-infected patients who had positive tuberculin skin tests (TSTs) were followed until tuberculosis diagnosis, death, or administrative censoring. Nelson-Aalen cumulative hazard plots were generated and hazards were compared using the log-rank test. Cox proportional hazards models were fitted to investigate factors associated with tuberculosis diagnosis.
resultsBetween 2003 and 2009, 1954 patients with a positive TST were studied. Among these, 1601 (82%) initiated isoniazid. Overall tuberculosis incidence was 1.39 per 100 person-years (PY); 0.53 per 100 PY in those who initiated isoniazid and 6.52 per 100 PY for those who did not (adjusted hazard ratio [aHR], 0.17; 95% confidence interval [CI], .11-.25). Receiving antiretroviral therapy at time of a positive TST was associated with a reduced risk of tuberculosis (aHR, 0.69; 95% CI, .48-1.00). Nelson-Aalen plots of tuberculosis incidence showed a constant risk, with no acceleration in 7 years of follow-up for those initiating isoniazid preventive therapy.
conclusionsIsoniazid preventive therapy significantly reduced tuberculosis risk among HIV-infected patients with a positive TST. In a medium-prevalence setting, 6 months of isoniazid in HIV-infected patients with positive TST reduces tuberculosis risk over 7 years of follow-up, in contrast to results of studies in higher-burden settings in Africa.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.