ArticleClinical pharmacology : advances and applications2014
The Parkinson's disease death rate: carbidopa and vitamin B6.
Article in Clinical pharmacology : advances and applications, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It has been retracted, and should not be counted. Cited by 14 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
14 citing papers in PubMed, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- The vicious circle between homocysteine, methyl group-donating vitamins and chronic levodopa intake in Parkinson's disease.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2024Review
- Experimental Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitors in Parkinson's Disease: A Review of the Evidence.Journal of experimental pharmacology · 2021Review
- Selective and competitive inhibition of kynurenine aminotransferase 2 by glycyrrhizic acid and its analogues.Scientific reports · 2019Article
- Skeletal muscle PGC-1α1 reroutes kynurenine metabolism to increase energy efficiency and fatigue-resistance.Nature communications · 2019Article
- Improvement of kynurenine aminotransferase-II inhibitors guided by mimicking sulfate esters.PloS one · 2018Article
- Inhibition of human kynurenine aminotransferase isozymes by estrogen and its derivatives.Scientific reports · 2017Article
- Levodopa/carbidopa intestinal gel (LCIG) infusion as mono- or combination therapy.Journal of neural transmission (Vienna, Austria : 1996) · 2017Article
- Excessive early-life dietary exposure: a potential source of elevated brain iron and a risk factor for Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2017Article
- Riboflavin Has Neuroprotective Potential: Focus on Parkinson's Disease and Migraine.Frontiers in neurology · 2017Review
- Study of the Activity and Possible Mechanism of Action of a Reversible Inhibitor of Recombinant Human KAT-2: A Promising Lead in Neurodegenerative and Cognitive Disorders.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2016Article
- Do we need a new levodopa?Neural regeneration research · 2016Article
- Parkinson's disease managing reversible neurodegeneration.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2016Article
- Emerging approaches in Parkinson's disease - adjunctive role of safinamide.Therapeutics and clinical risk management · 2016Review
- Parkinson's disease: carbidopa, nausea, and dyskinesia.Clinical pharmacology : advances and applications · 2014Article
Corrections and comments
- Retraction · 2021-03-03Cites Retracted Work · Concerns/Issues about Data · Concerns/Issues about Image · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · Unreliable Results and/or Conclusions · Upgrade/Update of Prior Notice(s) ·
- Expression of concern · 2020-04-23Concerns/Issues about Referencing/Attributions · Copyright Claims · Investigation by Journal/Publisher · Updated to Retraction ·
- Expression of concern
- Retracted
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The only indication for carbidopa and benserazide is the management of L-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-dopa)-induced nausea. Both drugs irreversibly bind to and permanently deactivate pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP), the active form of vitamin B6, and PLP-dependent enzymes. PLP is required for the function of over 300 enzymes and proteins. Virtually every major system in the body is impacted directly or indirectly by PLP. The administration of carbidopa and benserazide potentially induces a nutritional catastrophe. During the first 15 years of prescribing L-dopa, a decreasing Parkinson's disease death rate was observed. Then, in 1976, 1 year after US Food and Drug Administration approved the original L-dopa/carbidopa combination drug, the Parkinson's disease death rate started increasing. This trend has continued to the present, for 38 years and counting. The previous literature documents this increasing death rate, but no hypothesis has been offered concerning this trend. Carbidopa is postulated to contribute to the increasing Parkinson's disease death rate and to the classification of Parkinson's as a progressive neurodegenerative disease. It may contribute to L-dopa tachyphylaxis.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.