Trial reportSleep2014
Cognitive workload and sleep restriction interact to influence sleep homeostatic responses.
Trial report in Sleep, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Work schedule characteristics and sleepiness - a meta-analysis.Scandinavian journal of work, environment & health · 2026Pooled it
- Brain stimulation techniques as novel treatment options for insomnia: A systematic review.Journal of sleep research · 2023Pooled it
- Circadian acclimatization of performance, sleep, and 6-sulfatoxymelatonin using multiple phase shifting stimuli.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2022Trial
- Distinct effects of orexin receptor antagonist and GABAProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2019Trial
- Predictors of Sleep Latency From the Multiple Sleep Latency Test: A Random Forest Investigation in a Community Sample.Journal of sleep research · 2025Article
- Sleep difficulties related to psychopathology and neurocognition in people with 22q11.2 deletion syndrome.Psychiatry research · 2025Article
- Mobile Sleep Lab: Comparison of polysomnographic parameters with a conventional sleep laboratory.PloS one · 2025Article
- Efficient Sleep, Enhanced Attention: Exploring the Interplay With RBC-Inflammation Mechanisms in Hypoxic High-Altitude Areas.Nature and science of sleep · 2025Article
- Videoconferencing During the COVID-19 Pandemic is Associated with Sleep Disruption in Young Adults.Nature and science of sleep · 2024Article
- PERCLOS-based technologies for detecting drowsiness: current evidence and future directions.Sleep advances : a journal of the Sleep Research Society · 2023Review
- Article
- Sleep Homeostasis and Night Work: A Polysomnographic Study of Daytime Sleep Following Three Consecutive Simulated Night Shifts.Nature and science of sleep · 2022Article
- Article
- Article
- Assessment of effects of total sleep deprivation and subsequent recovery sleep: a methodological strategy feasible without sleep laboratory.BMC psychology · 2021Article
- Article
- Article
- Article
- Sleepiness as a Local Phenomenon.Frontiers in neuroscience · 2019Review
- Healthy Adults Display Long-Term Trait-Like Neurobehavioral Resilience and Vulnerability to Sleep Loss.Scientific reports · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
STUDY
objectivesDetermine the effects of high versus moderate workload on sleep physiology and neurobehavioral measures, during sleep restriction (SR) and no sleep restriction (NSR) conditions.
designTen-night experiment involving cognitive workload and SR manipulations.
settingControlled laboratory environment.
participantsSixty-three healthy adults (mean ± standard deviation: 33.2 ± 8.7 y; 29 females), age 22-50 y.
interventionsFollowing three baseline 8 h time in bed (TIB) nights, subjects were randomized to one of four conditions: high cognitive workload (HW) + SR; moderate cognitive workload (MW) + SR; HW + NSR; or MW + NSR. SR entailed 5 consecutive nights at 4 h TIB; NSR entailed 5 consecutive nights at 8 h TIB. Subjects received three workload test sessions/day consisting of 15-min preworkload assessments, followed by a 60-min (MW) or 120-min (HW) workload manipulation comprised of visually based cognitive tasks, and concluding with 15-min of postworkload assessments. Experimental nights were followed by two 8-h TIB recovery sleep nights. Polysomnography was collected on baseline night 3, experimental nights 1, 4, and 5, and recovery night 1 using three channels (central, frontal, occipital [C3, Fz, O2]). MEASUREMENTS AND
resultsHigh workload, regardless of sleep duration, increased subjective fatigue and sleepiness (all P < 0.05). In contrast, sleep restriction produced cumulative increases in Psychomotor Vigilance Test (PVT) lapses, fatigue, and sleepiness and decreases in PVT response speed and Maintenance of Wakefulness Test (MWT) sleep onset latencies (all P < 0.05). High workload produced longer sleep onset latencies (P < 0.05, d = 0.63) and less wake after sleep onset (P < 0.05, d = 0.64) than moderate workload. Slow-wave energy-the putative marker of sleep homeostasis-was higher at O2 than C3 only in the HW + SR condition (P < 0.05).
conclusionsHigh cognitive workload delayed sleep onset, but it also promoted sleep homeostatic responses by increasing subjective fatigue and sleepiness, and producing a global sleep homeostatic response by reducing wake after sleep onset. When combined with sleep restriction, high workload increased local (occipital) sleep homeostasis, suggesting a use-dependent sleep response to visual work. We conclude that sleep restriction and cognitive workload interact to influence sleep homeostasis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.