Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25361698›Full record

ArticleJournal of neurovirology2015

First cases of human Usutu virus neuroinvasive infection in Croatia, August-September 2013: clinical and laboratory features.

Marija Santini, Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek, Bruno Barsic, Ljubo Barbic, Vladimir Savic, Vladimir Stevanovic, Eddy Listes, Annapia Di Gennaro, Giovanni Savini

Abstract readCase Reports
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of neurovirology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
76citing papers in PubMed
7.4field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

76 citing papers in PubMed, 124 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Increased incidence of human West Nile and Usutu infections in Austria, 2024: analysis of data from 2009 to 2024.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
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  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Paradigm Shift Toward "One Health" Monitoring ofOpen forum infectious diseases · 2025
    Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Review
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Review
  20. Epidemiology, surveillance and diagnosis of Usutu virus infection in the EU/EEA, 2012 to 2021.Euro surveillance : bulletin Europeen sur les maladies transmissibles = European communicable disease bulletin · 2023
    Review

16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Marija SantiniDepartment for Intensive Care Medicine and Neuroinfectology, University Hospital for Infectious Diseases "Dr Fran Mihaljevic", Mirogojska 8, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia, marija.santini@zg.t-com.hr.
Tatjana Vilibic-Cavlek
Bruno Barsic
Ljubo Barbic
Vladimir Savic
Vladimir Stevanovic
Eddy Listes
Annapia Di Gennaro
Giovanni Savini
University of Zagreb · HRCroatian Veterinary Institute · HRIstituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise G. Caporale · ITUniversity Hospital for Infectious Diseases "Dr Fran Mihaljevic" · HR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Few reports of human Usutu virus (USUV) infection have been reported to date. We describe the first three patients with USUV neuroinvasive infection in Zagreb and its surroundings from 30 August to 7 September 2013 during a West Nile virus (WNV) outbreak. Patients were aged 29, 56, and 61 years. The two older patients had several comorbidities (arterial hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and diabetes mellitus). All patients presented with meningitis and meningoencephalitis closely resembling WNV neuroinvasive disease. The main clinical features in all patients were headache, fever, nuchal rigidity, hand tremor, and hyperreflexia. Neuroimaging studies were normal and electroencephalography (EEG) revealed diffusely slow activity. The 29 years old, a previously healthy female patient, was deeply somnolent and disoriented for 4 days. Her recovery was slow and even 10 weeks after disease onset, she had memory and speech-fluency difficulties. The other two patients recovered promptly. USUV IgG antibodies were detected in all patients by ELISA with seroconversion documented in two of them. Titers of USUV-neutralizing antibodies were 10, 80, and 10, respectively. Because USUV and WNV share many clinical characteristics, USUV infection could be misdiagnosed as WNV. Testing for USUV should be considered in all suspected cases of meningoencephalitis, especially in areas where both viruses cocirculate.

Indexed as

Disease OutbreaksAdultAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, ViralCroatiaDiagnosis, DifferentialEncephalitis, ArbovirusEncephalitis Viruses, JapaneseFemaleFlavivirus InfectionsHumansMaleMeningoencephalitisMiddle AgedWest Nile FeverWest Nile virusAntibodies, NeutralizingAntibodies, Viral

Identifiers

PMID25361698
OpenAlexW2163472335

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.