Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25361578›Full record

ArticleBiology open2014

Dynamically-expressed prion-like proteins form a cuticle in the pharynx of Caenorhabditis elegans.

Julia B George-Raizen, Keith R Shockley, Nicholas F Trojanowski, Annesia L Lamb, David M Raizen

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Biology open, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
34citing papers in PubMed
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

34 citing papers in PubMed, 49 citations in OpenAlex.

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  15. Epithelial morphogenesis, tubulogenesis and forces in organogenesis.Current topics in developmental biology · 2021
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Journal of developmental biology · 2020
    Review
  18. Behavioral States.Genetics · 2020
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Julia B George-RaizenDepartment of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Keith R ShockleyBiostatistics Branch, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
Nicholas F TrojanowskiDepartment of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Annesia L LambDepartment of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA Present address: Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, The Graduate Center, The City University of New York, 365 Fifth Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA.
David M RaizenDepartment of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA raizen@mail.med.upenn.edu.
University of Pennsylvania · USNational Institute of Environmental Health Sciences · US

Funding

Training in Sleep & Sleep DisordersT32HL007953 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI David Menassah Raizen, AMY M SAWYER · 2000 to 2026
$10.6M
DNA Microarray Data AnalysisZIAES103166 · NIEHS · NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH SCIENCES · PI SHOCKLEY, KEITH · 2013 to 2025
$1.3M
NHLBI NIH HHS T32 HL007953
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

In molting animals, a cuticular extracellular matrix forms the first barrier to infection and other environmental insults. In the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans there are two types of cuticle: a well-studied collagenous cuticle lines the body, and a poorly-understood chitinous cuticle lines the pharynx. In the posterior end of the pharynx is the grinder, a tooth-like cuticular specialization that crushes food prior to transport to the intestine for digestion. We here show that the grinder increases in size only during the molt. To gain molecular insight into the structure of the grinder and pharyngeal cuticle, we performed a microarray analysis to identify mRNAs increased during the molt. We found strong transcriptional induction during the molt of 12 of 15 previously identified abu genes encoding Prion-like (P) glutamine (Q) and asparagine (N) rich PQN proteins, as well as 15 additional genes encoding closely related PQN proteins. abu/pqn genes, which we name the abu/pqn paralog group (APPG) genes, were expressed in pharyngeal cells and the proteins encoded by two APPG genes we tested localized to the pharyngeal cuticle. Deleting the APPG gene abu-14 caused abnormal pharyngeal cuticular structures and knocking down other APPG genes resulted in abnormal cuticular function. We propose that APPG proteins promote the assembly and function of a unique cuticular structure. The strong developmental regulation of the APPG genes raises the possibility that such genes would be identified in transcriptional profiling experiments in which the animals' developmental stage is not precisely staged.

Indexed as

ABU/PQNamyloidC. eleganscuticleinnate immunitylarvaemoltingunfolded protein response

Identifiers

PMID25361578
PMCPMC4232772
OpenAlexW2116472161

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.