ArticleThe journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences2014
Prevalence of bacterial vaginosis and Candida among postmenopausal women in the United States.
Article in The journals of gerontology. Series B, Psychological sciences and social sciences, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed.
- Vaginal Microbiota and Cytokines Among Pregnant and Breastfeeding Women in Clinical Trials of the Dapivirine Vaginal Ring and Oral Tenofovir Disoproxil Fumarate/Emtricitabine.Open forum infectious diseases · 2026Trial
- The effect of hydroxyquinoline-based gel on pessary-associated bacterial vaginosis: a multicenter randomized controlled trial.American journal of obstetrics and gynecology · 2015Trial
- Prevalence, antifungal susceptibility, and virulence determinants of Candida species causing vulvovaginal candidiasis in pregnant women in Saudi Arabia.Antonie van Leeuwenhoek · 2026Article
- Vaginal mycobiome characteristics and therapeutic strategies in vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC): differentiating pathogenic species and microecological features for stratified treatment.Clinical microbiology reviews · 2025Review
- Lactococcus lactis and Bifidobacterium bifidum alleviate postmenopausal symptoms by suppressing NF-κB signaling and microbiota dysbiosis.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Bacterial Vaginosis Decreases the Risk of Cervical Cytological Abnormalities.Cancer prevention research (Philadelphia, Pa.) · 2023Article
- Astodrimer sodium and bacterial vaginosis: a mini review.Archives of gynecology and obstetrics · 2022Review
- Impact of Dapivirine and Placebo Vaginal Rings on the Microbiota of Adolescent, Lactating, and Postmenopausal Females.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Virulence Factors ofInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Healthy Vaginal Microbiota and Influence of Probiotics Across the Female Life Span.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Review
- Management of recurrent vulvovaginal candidosis: Narrative review of the literature and European expert panel opinion.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2022Review
- Finding a Balance in the Vaginal Microbiome: How Do We Treat and Prevent the Occurrence of Bacterial Vaginosis?Antibiotics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- Bacterial Communities Associated With Abnormal Nugent Score in Postmenopausal Versus Premenopausal Women.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- The Complex Link between the Female Genital Microbiota, Genital Infections, and Inflammation.Infection and immunity · 2021Review
- Association Between Vaginal Bacterial Microbiota and Vaginal Yeast Colonization.The Journal of infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Prevalence and predictors of bacterial vaginosis in HIV-infected women in Maharashtra, India.International journal of STD & AIDS · 2020Article
- Prevalence and Antifungal Susceptibility Profile of Clinically RelevantBioMed research international · 2020Article
- Vaginal microbiome variances in sample groups categorized by clinical criteria of bacterial vaginosis.BMC genomics · 2018Article
- The Effect of Prangos Ferulacea Vaginal Cream on Accelerating the Recovery of Bacterial Vaginosis: A Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.International journal of community based nursing and midwifery · 2018Article
- Article
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
objectivesTo describe the prevalence of bacterial vaginosis (BV) and Candida among community-dwelling postmenopausal women in the United States and determine their change with age, using estimates based on Waves 1 and 2 of the National Social Life, Health and Aging Project (NSHAP).
methodSelf-administered vaginal swabs were collected in-home from women aged 57-85 (n = 1,016) in Wave 1 and again 5 years later in Wave 2 (n = 883). Gram-stained specimens were evaluated for BV using the Nugent score as well as presence of Candida.
resultsBV was prevalent in 23% and 38% of postmenopausal women in Waves 1 and 2 and increased with age. Women initially categorized with BV in Wave 1 were more than 10 times as likely to be categorized with BV in Wave 2, relative risk ratio (RRR) = 10.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) (4.45-24.7); p < .001, whereas women initially categorized as intermediate in Wave 1 were five times more likely to have a BV categorization, RRR = 5.0; 95% CI (2.56-9.75); p < .001. Although the presence of Candida was similar in both waves (6% and 5%), its relationship with age only became evident in Wave 2, with odds of detecting Candida decreasing by 7% with each year of age, OR = 0.93, 95% CI (0.88, 0.98); p = .010. DISCUSSION: In Wave 2, the prevalence of BV was higher and increased with age while the prevalence of Candida was low and declined with age. A 5-year age increase contributed to the prevalence change across waves. Methods refinements in Wave 2 improved the detection of BV and Candida and clarified their relationship with age.
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