Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25359554›Full record

ArticlePsychological medicine2015

Understanding the elevated suicide risk of female soldiers during deployments.

A E Street, S E Gilman, A J Rosellini, M B Stein, E J Bromet, K L Cox, L J Colpe, C S Fullerton, M J Gruber, S G Heeringa and 10 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Psychological medicine, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
6.1field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  5. Review
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  7. Article
  8. Neurocognitive Function and Suicide in U.S. Army Soldiers.Suicide & life-threatening behavior · 2017
    Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

20 authors at 9 institutions in 1 country.

A E StreetNational Center for PTSD, VA Boston Healthcare System,Boston,MA,USA.
S E GilmanDepartments of Social and Behavioral Sciences, and Epidemiology,Harvard School of Public Health,Boston,MA,USA.
A J RoselliniDepartment of Health Care Policy,Harvard Medical School,Boston,MA,USA.
M B SteinDepartments of Psychiatry and Family and Preventive Medicine,University of California San Diego,La Jolla,CA,USA.
E J BrometDepartment of Psychiatry,Stony Brook University School of Medicine,Stony Brook,NY,USA.
K L CoxUS Army Public Health Command,Aberdeen Proving Ground,MD,USA.
L J ColpeDivision of Services and Intervention Research, National Institute of Mental Health,Bethesda,MD,USA.
C S FullertonDepartment of Psychiatry,Uniformed Services University School of Medicine,Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress,Bethesda,MD,USA.
M J GruberDepartment of Health Care Policy,Harvard Medical School,Boston,MA,USA.
S G HeeringaInstitute for Social Research, University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI,USA.
L Lewandowski-RompsInstitute for Social Research, University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI,USA.
R J A LittleDepartment of Biostatistics,University of Michigan,Ann Arbor,MI,USA.
J A NaifehDepartment of Psychiatry,Uniformed Services University School of Medicine,Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress,Bethesda,MD,USA.
M K NockDepartment of Psychology,Harvard University,Cambridge,MA,USA.
N A SampsonDepartment of Health Care Policy,Harvard Medical School,Boston,MA,USA.
M SchoenbaumOffice of Science Policy,Planning and Communications,National Institute of Mental Health,Bethesda,MD,USA.
R J UrsanoDepartment of Psychiatry,Uniformed Services University School of Medicine,Center for the Study of Traumatic Stress,Bethesda,MD,USA.
A M ZaslavskyDepartment of Health Care Policy,Harvard Medical School,Boston,MA,USA.
R C KesslerDepartment of Health Care Policy,Harvard Medical School,Boston,MA,USA.
Army STARRS collaborators
Harvard University · USUniformed Services University of the Health Sciences · USUniversity of Michigan–Ann Arbor · USNational Center for PTSD · USNational Institute of Mental Health · USOffice of Science · USStony Brook University · USUnited States Army Medical Command · USVA San Diego Healthcare System · US

Funding

Modifiable Risk and Protective Factors for Suicidal Behaviors in the US ArmyU01MH087981 · NIMH · HENRY M. JACKSON FDN FOR THE ADV MIL/MED · PI STEIN, MURRAY B., URSANO, ROBERT J. · 2009 to 2013
$65.0M
NIMH NIH HHS U01 MH087981NIMH NIH HHS U01MH087981
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe Army Study to Assess Risk and Resilience in Servicemembers (Army STARRS) has found that the proportional elevation in the US Army enlisted soldier suicide rate during deployment (compared with the never-deployed or previously deployed) is significantly higher among women than men, raising the possibility of gender differences in the adverse psychological effects of deployment.

methodPerson-month survival models based on a consolidated administrative database for active duty enlisted Regular Army soldiers in 2004-2009 (n = 975,057) were used to characterize the gender × deployment interaction predicting suicide. Four explanatory hypotheses were explored involving the proportion of females in each soldier's occupation, the proportion of same-gender soldiers in each soldier's unit, whether the soldier reported sexual assault victimization in the previous 12 months, and the soldier's pre-deployment history of treated mental/behavioral disorders.

resultsThe suicide rate of currently deployed women (14.0/100,000 person-years) was 3.1-3.5 times the rates of other (i.e. never-deployed/previously deployed) women. The suicide rate of currently deployed men (22.6/100,000 person-years) was 0.9-1.2 times the rates of other men. The adjusted (for time trends, sociodemographics, and Army career variables) female:male odds ratio comparing the suicide rates of currently deployed v. other women v. men was 2.8 (95% confidence interval 1.1-6.8), became 2.4 after excluding soldiers with Direct Combat Arms occupations, and remained elevated (in the range 1.9-2.8) after adjusting for the hypothesized explanatory variables.

conclusionsThese results are valuable in excluding otherwise plausible hypotheses for the elevated suicide rate of deployed women and point to the importance of expanding future research on the psychological challenges of deployment for women.

Indexed as

AdultFemaleHumansMaleMilitary PersonnelRiskSex FactorsSuicideUnited StatesUnited States Department of Defensesuicide

Identifiers

PMID25359554
PMCPMC4869515
OpenAlexW2165242860

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.