ArticlePloS one2014
Risk of hospitalization for community acquired pneumonia with renin-angiotensin blockade in elderly patients: a population-based study.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Comparison of infection risks and clinical outcomes in patients with and without SARS-CoV-2 lung infection under renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system blockade: Systematic review and meta-analysis.British journal of clinical pharmacology · 2021Pooled it
- Life's Essential 8 and Risk of Severe COVID-19 Among Adults Without Clinical Cardiovascular Disease: The C4R Study.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2026Article
- The balance between classical and alternative renin-angiotensin system in ARDS: a narrative review.Journal of intensive care · 2026Review
- The association between the use of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors /angiotensin receptor blockers and the development of ventilator-associated pneumonia in the intensive care unit: a retrospective cohort study.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- Association Between Antihypertensive Use and Hospitalized Pneumonia in Patients With Stroke: A Korean Nationwide Population-Based Cohort Study.Journal of Korean medical science · 2022Article
- Coronavirus Disease-2019 (COVID-19) and Cardiovascular Complications.Journal of cardiothoracic and vascular anesthesia · 2021Review
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers: potential allies in the COVID-19 pandemic instead of a threat?Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2021Article
- Article
- The Renin-Angiotensin System as a Component of Biotrauma in Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.Frontiers in physiology · 2021Review
- Candesartan could ameliorate the COVID-19 cytokine storm.Biomedicine & pharmacotherapy = Biomedecine & pharmacotherapie · 2020Article
- Renin-Angiotensin System: An Important Player in the Pathogenesis of Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome.International journal of molecular sciences · 2020Review
- Hypertension, the renin-angiotensin system, and the risk of lower respiratory tract infections and lung injury: implications for COVID-19.Cardiovascular research · 2020Article
- Angiotensin-converting Enzyme Inhibitors Decrease the Incidence of Radiation-induced Pneumonitis Among Lung Cancer Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Journal of Cancer · 2018Article
- Cardiovascular Complications Related to COVID-19 Disease.Anesthesia, essays and researchesReview
- The association of renin-angiotensin system blockades and pneumonia requiring admission in patients with COPD.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary diseaseArticle
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Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo characterize the 90-day risk of hospitalization with pneumonia among patients treated with different anti-hypertensive drug classes.
designPopulation based cohort study using five linked databases.
participantsIndividuals over the age of 65 who filled a new outpatient prescription for one of four anti-hypertensive medications: ACE inhibitors (n = 86 775), ARBs (n = 33,953), calcium channel blockers (CCB, n = 34,240), beta blockers (BB, n = 35,331) and thiazide diuretics (n = 64 186). PRIMARY OUTCOME: Hospitalization with pneumonia within 90 days of a qualifying prescription. We adjusted for ten a priori selected covariates, including age, sex, diabetes and number of visits to a family doctor.
resultsBaseline characteristics of the groups were relatively well matched, except for age, sex, diabetes and frequency of family doctor visits. 128 of the 86 775 patients (0.15%) initiated on an ACE inhibitor and 43 of the 33953 patients (0.13%) of patients initiated on an ARB were hospitalized with pneumonia in the subsequent 90 days. 135 of 64 186 patients (0.21%) initiated on a thiazide, 112 of 35 331 patients (.32%) initiated on a BB, and 89 of 34 240 (0.26%) patients initiated on a CCB achieved the primary outcome. Compared to calcium channel blockers, ACE inhibitors (adjusted OR 0.61, 95% CI 0.46 to 0.81) and ARBs (adjusted OR 0.52, 95% CI 0.36 to 0.76) were associated with a lower risk of pneumonia. No benefit was seen with thiazides (adjusted OR 0.87, 95% CI 0.66 to 1.14) or beta blockers (adjusted OR 1.21, 95% CI 0.91 to 1.60).
conclusionInitiating medications that block the renin angiotensin system, compared to other anti-hypertensive medications, is associated with a small absolute reduction in the 90 day risk of hospitalization with pneumonia.
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