ReviewFrontiers in immunology2014
The Regulation of CD4(+) T Cell Responses during Protozoan Infections.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 41 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
41 citing papers in PubMed, 56 citations in OpenAlex.
- Lymphocyte-mediated immune responses to Leishmania infection.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2026Review
- Global Prevalence and Distribution of Human Sarcocystosis: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2026Review
- Next-Generation Vaccines Against Neglected Diseases: New Promises from Genetically Modified Live-Attenuated Parasites and RNA Vaccines.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Concomitant immunity in persistent Leishmania infections: could it represent an evolutionary balance and a vaccine target?Parasites & vectors · 2025Review
- Entamoeba muris provides a mouse model for amoebic colitis pathology characterized by T cell associated colonization.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Heterologous prime-boost immunization based on a human adenovirus 5 vectored containing Trichinella spiralis Cystatin-like protein elicits protective mucosal immunity in mice.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2025Article
- Article
- The impact of Plasmodium-driven immunoregulatory networks on immunity to malaria.Nature reviews. Immunology · 2024Review
- The intersection of hostMicrobiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2024Review
- The role of CD4Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Critical and diverse role of alarmin cytokines in parasitic infections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2024Review
- Vaccination with Toxoplasma lysate antigen or its encapsulated niosomes form immunomodulates adjuvant-induced arthritis through JAK3 downregulation.Inflammopharmacology · 2023Article
- STING activation promotes autologous type I interferon-dependent development of type 1 regulatory T cells during malaria.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2023Article
- Regulatory Functions of Hypoxia in Host-Parasite Interactions: A Focus on Enteric, Tissue, and Blood Protozoa.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- How the gut parasitome affects human health.Therapeutic advances in gastroenterology · 2022Review
- Role of the PD-1/PD-L1 Pathway in ExperimentalFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- AnFrontiers in immunology · 2022Article
- Immunosuppression in Malaria: DoPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2021Review
- GWAS loci associated with Chagas cardiomyopathy influences DNA methylation levels.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- Inflammasomes and adaptive immune responses.Nature immunology · 2021Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
CD4(+) T cells are critical for defense against protozoan parasites. Intracellular protozoan parasite infections generally require the development of a Th1 cell response, characterized by the production of IFNγ and TNF that are critical for the generation of microbicidal molecules by phagocytes, as well as the expression of cytokines and cell surface molecules needed to generate cytolytic CD8(+) T cells that can recognize and kill infected host cells. Over the past 25 years, much has been learnt about the molecular and cellular components necessary for the generation of Th1 cell responses, and it has become clear that these responses need to be tightly controlled to prevent disease. However, our understanding of the immunoregulatory mechanisms activated during infection is still not complete. Furthermore, it is apparent that although these mechanisms are critical to prevent inflammation, they can also promote parasite persistence and development of disease. Here, we review how CD4(+) T cells are controlled during protozoan infections and how these regulatory mechanisms can influence parasite growth and disease outcome.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.