ReviewClinical and experimental immunology2015
Acute-phase protein α1-anti-trypsin: diverting injurious innate and adaptive immune responses from non-authentic threats.
Review in Clinical and experimental immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 51 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
51 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- Plasma-Based Proteomics Profiling of Patients with Hyperthyroidism after Antithyroid Treatment.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020Trial
- Glycated and Non-Glycated Human Alpha-1 Antitrypsin in Hyperglycemic Wound Healing: In Vivo and In Vitro Models.Biology · 2026Article
- Alpha-1 antitrypsin promotes re-epithelialization by regulating inflammation and migration.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Article
- Review
- Alpha-1 antitripsyn deficiency and augmentation therapy in pregnancy: two case reports.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- Peri-Transplant Inflammation and Long-Term Diabetes Outcomes Were Not Impacted by Either Etanercept or Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Treatment in Islet Autotransplant Recipients.Transplant international : official journal of the European Society for Organ Transplantation · 2024Article
- Recommendations for the diagnosis and treatment of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency.Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia · 2024Article
- Altered Serum Alpha1-Antitrypsin Protease Inhibition before and after Clinical Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation: Association with Risk for Non-Relapse Mortality.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Activities and concentration of alpha-1 antitrypsin and cystatin C in serum from patients with house dust mite asthma.Asia Pacific allergy · 2023Article
- Alpha-1-antitrypsin antagonizes COVID-19: a review of the epidemiology, molecular mechanisms, and clinical evidence.Biochemical Society transactions · 2023Review
- Normal Alpha-1-Antitrypsin Variants Display in Serum Allele-Specific Protein Levels.Journal of proteome research · 2023Article
- Clinical-Immunological Correlates in Post-COVID-19 Endogenous Psychoses.Neuroscience and behavioral physiology · 2023Article
- Serpin-loaded extracellular vesicles promote tissue repair in a mouse model of impaired wound healing.Journal of nanobiotechnology · 2022Article
- Selective decrease in alpha1-antitrypsin levels in diabetic retinopathy: Could the levels of it be playing a role in the pathophysiology of diabetic retinopathy?The Indian journal of medical research · 2022Article
- LMAN1-MCFD2 complex is a cargo receptor for the ER-Golgi transport of α1-antitrypsin.The Biochemical journal · 2022Article
- Proteoform Profiles Reveal That Alpha-1-Antitrypsin in Human Serum and Milk Is Derived From a Common Source.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2022Article
- Alpha-1 Antitrypsin and Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Liver Cirrhosis:International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Article
- Application of alpha1-antitrypsin in a rat model of veno-arterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation.Scientific reports · 2021Article
- Does Genetic Predisposition Contribute to the Exacerbation of COVID-19 Symptoms in Individuals with Comorbidities and Explain the Huge Mortality Disparity between the East and the West?International journal of molecular sciences · 2021Review
- Host Response of Atlantic Salmon (Microorganisms · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
One would assume that the anti-inflammatory activity of α1-anti-trypsin (AAT) is the result of inhibiting neutrophil enzymes. However, AAT exhibits tolerogenic activities that are difficult to explain by serine-protease inhibition or by reduced inflammatory parameters. Targets outside the serine-protease family have been identified, supporting the notion that elastase inhibition, the only functional factory release criteria for clinical-grade AAT, is over-emphasized. Non-obvious developments in the understanding of AAT biology disqualify it from being a straightforward anti-inflammatory agent: AAT does not block dendritic cell activities, nor does it promote viral and tumour susceptibilities, stunt B lymphocyte responses or render treated patients susceptible to infections; accordingly, outcomes of elevated AAT do not overlap those attained by immunosuppression. Aside from the acute-phase response, AAT rises during the third trimester of pregnancy and also in advanced age. At the molecular level, AAT docks onto cholesterol-rich lipid-rafts and circulating lipid particles, directly binds interleukin (IL)-8, ADAM metallopeptidase domain 17 (ADAM17) and danger-associated molecular pattern (DAMP) molecules, and its activity is lost to smoke, high glucose levels and bacterial proteases, introducing a novel entity - 'relative AAT deficiency'. Unlike immunosuppression, AAT appears to help the immune system to distinguish between desired responses against authentic threats, and unwanted responses fuelled by a positive feedback loop perpetuated by, and at the expense of, inflamed injured innocent bystander cells. With a remarkable clinical safety record, AAT treatment is currently tested in clinical trials for its potential benefit in a variety of categorically distinct pathologies that share at least one common driving force: cell injury.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.