Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25351441›Full record

ArticleBioconjugate chemistry2014

Folate receptor-mediated enhanced and specific delivery of far-red light-activatable prodrugs of combretastatin A-4 to FR-positive tumor.

Gregory Nkepang, Moses Bio, Pallavi Rajaputra, Samuel G Awuah, Youngjae You

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Bioconjugate chemistry, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 31 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
31citing papers in PubMed
3.9field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

31 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Preclinical Evaluation of an Integrin αBioconjugate chemistry · 2025
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  3. Theranostic Fluorescent Probes.Chemical reviews · 2024
    Review
  4. Review
  5. Review
  6. Review
  7. A Photosensitized Singlet Oxygen (Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Review
  8. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Gregory NkepangDepartment of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center , Oklahoma City, Oklahoma 73117, United States.
Moses Bio
Pallavi Rajaputra
Samuel G Awuah
Youngjae You
University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center · USUniversity of Oklahoma · US

Funding

TUMOR RESISTANCE MECHANISMS TO ANTI-VEGF THERAPY IN PROSTATE CANCER (Sukyung Woo)P20GM103639 · NIGMS · UNIVERSITY OF OKLAHOMA HLTH SCIENCES CTR · PI HANNAFON, BETHANY · 2012 to 2022
$21.3M
NIGMS NIH HHS P20 GM103639NIGMS NIH HHS P20GM103639
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

We examined the concept of a novel prodrug strategy in which anticancer drug can be locally released by visible/near IR light, taking advantage of the photodynamic process and photo-unclick chemistry. Our most recently formulated prodrug of combretastatin A-4, Pc-(L-CA4)2, showed multifunctionality for fluorescence imaging, light-activated drug release, and the combined effects of PDT and local chemotherapy. In this formulation, L is a singlet oxygen cleavable linker. Here, we advanced this multifunctional prodrug by adding a tumor-targeting group, folic acid (FA). We designed and prepared four FA-conjugated prodrugs 1-4 (CA4-L-Pc-PEGn-FA: n = 0, 2, 18, ∼45) and one non-FA-conjugated prodrug 5 (CA4-L-Pc-PEG18-boc). Prodrugs 3 and 4 had a longer PEG spacer and showed higher hydrophilicity, enhanced uptake to colon 26 cells via FR-mediated mechanisms, and more specific localization to SC colon 26 tumors in Balb/c mice than prodrugs 1 and 2. Prodrug 4 also showed higher and more specific uptake to tumors, resulting in selective tumor damage and more effective antitumor efficacy than non-FA-conjugated prodrug 5. FR-mediated targeting seemed to be an effective strategy to spare normal tissues surrounding tumors in the illuminated area during treatment with this prodrug.

Indexed as

AnimalsAntineoplastic Agents, PhytogenicCell Line, TumorColonic NeoplasmsDrug DesignFemaleFolate Receptors, GPI-AnchoredFolic AcidMice, Inbred BALB CMolecular StructureOptical ImagingPhotochemotherapyProdrugsStilbenesTissue DistributionXenograft Model Antitumor AssaysAntineoplastic Agents, PhytogenicFolate Receptors, GPI-AnchoredFolic AcidfosbretabulinProdrugsStilbenes

Identifiers

PMID25351441
PMCPMC4275160
OpenAlexW1967290375

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.