ArticlePloS one2014
Intimate partner violence after disclosure of HIV test results among pregnant women in Harare, Zimbabwe.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 78 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
78 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- Maternal multimorbidity during pregnancy and after childbirth in women in low- and middle-income countries: a systematic literature review.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2020Pooled it
- Safer disclosure of HIV serostatus for women living with HIV who experience or fear violence: a systematic review.Journal of the International AIDS Society · 2015Pooled it
- Disclosure of HIV seropositivity to sexual partner in Ethiopia: A systematic review.Women's health (London, England)Pooled it
- Stressors and Maladaptive Coping Mechanisms Associated with Elevated Perinatal Depressive Symptoms and Suicidality Among Women Living with HIV in Uganda.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2023Trial
- Associated factors of HIV testing behaviours among sexual partners/spouses between young and middle-aged/older people living with HIV in China: a cross-sectional study.BMJ public health · 2026Article
- Prevalence and Screening Tools of Intimate Partner Violence Among Pregnant and Postpartum Women: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.European journal of investigation in health, psychology and education · 2025Review
- Intimate partner violence against women living with HIV in Lesotho: evidence from the 2023/24 DHS data set.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Opportunities to Optimize Outcomes of Diagnosis and Treatment of HIV and Syphilis in Pregnancy: the Quest to Eliminate Maternal and Vertical Transmission.Current HIV/AIDS reports · 2025Review
- Disclosure of positive HIV status to sexual partners among young people receiving treatment at an urban clinic, Kampala, Uganda.AIDS research and therapy · 2025Article
- Refusal of male partner responsibility and pregnancy support: prevalence, associated factors and health outcomes in a cross sectional study in Harare, Zimbabwe.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Women living with HIV face intersectional stigma from infection, domestic violence, and other marginalized identities: a qualitative study in West Bengal, India.BMC global and public health · 2025Article
- Intimate partner violence related to disclosure of sickle cell disease during pregnancy: evidence from the sickle cell belt of central India.Frontiers in global women's health · 2025Article
- Intimate Partner Violence and HIV Outcomes Among Women Living with HIV in Durban, South Africa.AIDS and behavior · 2024Article
- Support, not blame: safe partner disclosure among women diagnosed with HIV late in pregnancy in South Africa and Uganda.AIDS research and therapy · 2024Article
- Virological non-suppression and associated factors among adult patients receiving antiretroviral therapy at selected health facilities in uMgungundlovu district of KwaZulu Natal, South Africa: a cross-sectional study.The Pan African medical journal · 2024Article
- Implementation of gender-based violence screening guidelines in public HIV treatment programs: A mixed methods evaluation in Uganda.PLOS global public health · 2024Article
- Supportive couple relationships buffer against the harms of HIV stigma on HIV treatment adherence.BMC public health · 2023Article
- Intimate partner violence against HIV-Positive women on ART follow-up and associated factors in public health facilities of western Ethiopia.AIDS research and therapy · 2023Article
- Sex specific differences in HIV status disclosure and care engagement among people living with HIV in rural communities in Kenya and Uganda.PLOS global public health · 2023Article
- Factors Associated with HIV Positive Serostatus Disclosure to Sexual Partners Among Sexually Active Young People on Anti-Retroviral Therapy in Central Uganda.HIV/AIDS (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2023Article
18 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundHIV status disclosure is a central strategy in HIV prevention and treatment but in high prevalence settings women test disproportionately and most often during pregnancy. This study reports intimate partner violence (IPV) following disclosure of HIV test results by pregnant women.
methodsIn this cross sectional study we interviewed 1951 postnatal women who tested positive and negative for HIV about IPV experiences following HIV test disclosure, using an adapted WHO questionnaire. Multivariate regression models assessed factors associated with IPV after disclosure and controlled for factors such as previous IPV and other known behavioural factors associated with IPV.
resultsOver 93% (1817) disclosed the HIV results to their partners (96.5% HIV- vs. 89.3% HIV+, p<0.0001). Overall HIV prevalence was 15.3%, (95%CI:13.7-16.9), 35.2% among non-disclosers and 14.3% among disclosers. Overall 32.8% reported IPV (40.5% HIV+; 31.5% HIV- women, p = 0.004). HIV status was associated with IPV (partially adjusted 1.43: (95%CI:1.00-2.05 as well as reporting negative reactions by male partners immediately after disclosure (adjusted OR 5.83, 95%CI:4.31-7.80). Factors associated with IPV were gender inequity, past IPV, risky sexual behaviours and living with relatives. IPV after HIV disclosure in pregnancy is high but lower than and is strongly related with IPV before pregnancy (adjusted OR 6.18, 95%CI: 3.84-9.93).
conclusionThe study demonstrates the interconnectedness of IPV, HIV status and its disclosure with IPV which was a common experience post disclosure of both an HIV positive and HIV negative result. Health services must give attention to the gendered nature and consequences of HIV disclosure such as enskilling women on how to determine and respond to the risks associated with disclosure. Efforts to involve men in antenatal care must also be strengthened.
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