Observational studyThe European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care2015
Relationship between global severity of patients with Alzheimer's disease and costs of care in Spain; results from the co-dependence study in Spain.
Observational study in The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- The Costs of Dementia in Europe: An Updated Review and Meta-analysis.PharmacoEconomics · 2023Pooled it
- Associations between a psychosocial intervention and quality of life and caregiver-related outcomes in family caregivers of people with dementia: the Danish DemTool trial.BMC geriatrics · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Forensic psychiatric evaluation of legal capacity in older adults: Clinical and cognitive correlates.Journal of forensic sciences · 2026Article
- Medical and Long-Term Care Costs of Alzheimer's Disease in Japan According to Clinical Dementia Rating Scores: The LIFE Study.JMA journal · 2026Article
- Global Societal Burden of Alzheimer's Disease by Severity: a Targeted Literature Review.Neurology and therapy · 2025Review
- Time value of informal care of people with alzheimer's disease in Spain: a population-based analysis.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2025Article
- Annual societal cost of Alzheimer's disease in Malaysia: a micro-costing approach.BMC geriatrics · 2025Article
- Cost of Patients with Alzheimer's Disease in Spain According to Disease Severity.PharmacoEconomics - open · 2024Article
- Exploring the relationship between patient-relevant outcomes and Alzheimer's disease progression assessed using the clinical dementia rating scale: a systematic literature review.Frontiers in neurology · 2023Review
- Economic costs of dementia in 11 countries in Europe: Estimates from nationally representative cohorts of a panel study.The Lancet regional health. Europe · 2022Article
- The Humanistic and Economic Burden of Alzheimer's Disease.Neurology and therapy · 2022Review
- Economic and caregiver impact of Alzheimer's disease across the disease spectrum: a cohort study.Alzheimer's research & therapy · 2022Article
- Article
- Which factors increase informal care hours and societal costs among caregivers of people with dementia? A systematic review of Resource Utilization in Dementia (RUD).Health economics review · 2021Review
- Observational
- Comorbid Pain and Cognitive Impairment in a Nationally Representative Adult Population: Prevalence and Associations With Health Status, Health Care Utilization, and Satisfaction With Care.The Clinical journal of pain · 2020Article
- Assessing cost-effectiveness of early intervention in Alzheimer's disease: An open-source modeling framework.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2019Article
- Detection, diagnosis, and treatment of Alzheimer's disease dementia stratified by severity as reported by caregivers in Japan.Neuropsychiatric disease and treatment · 2018Article
- Costs of dementia in the Czech Republic.The European journal of health economics : HEPAC : health economics in prevention and care · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveThe objectives of this analysis were to examine how patients' global severity with Alzheimer's disease (AD) relates to costs of care and explore the incremental effects of global severity measured by the clinical dementia rating (CDR) scale on these costs for patients in Spain.
methodsThe Codep-EA study is an 18-multicenter, cross-sectional, observational study among patients (343) with AD according to the CDR score and their caregivers in Spain. The data obtained included (in addition to clinical measures) also socio-demographic data concerning the patient and its caregiver. Cost analyses were based on resource use for medical care, social care, caregiver productivity losses, and informal caregiver time reported in the resource utilization in dementia (RUD). Lite instrument and a complementary questionnaire. Multivariate regression analysis was used to model the effects of global severity and other socio-demographic and clinical variables on cost of care.
resultsThe mean (standard deviation) costs per patient over 6 months for direct medical, social care, indirect and informal care costs, were estimated at €1,028.1 (1,655.0), €843.8 (2,684.8), €464.2 (1,639.0) and €33,232.2 (30,898.9), respectively. Dementia severity, as having a CDR score 0.5, 2, or 3 with CDR score 1 being the reference group were all independently and significantly associated with informal care costs. Whereas having a CDR score of 2 was also significantly related with social care costs, a CDR score of 3 was associated with most cost components including direct medical, social care, and total costs, all compared to the reference group.
conclusionsThe costs of care for patients with AD in Spain are substantial, with informal care accounting for the greatest part. Dementia severity, measured by CDR score, showed that with increasing severity of the disease, direct medical, social care, informal care and total costs augmented.
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