ArticleEuropean journal of immunology2015
Direct visualization of endogenous Salmonella-specific B cells reveals a marked delay in clonal expansion and germinal center development.
Article in European journal of immunology, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Coordinated Regulation of Extrafollicular B Cell Responses by IL-12 and IFNγ.Immunological reviews · 2025Review
- Long-term immune response to Omicron-specific mRNA vaccination in mice, hamsters, and nonhuman primates.MedComm · 2023Article
- Article
- Extrafollicular IgD+ B cells generate IgE antibody secreting cells in the nasal mucosa.Mucosal immunology · 2021Article
- Plasma cell survival: The intrinsic drivers, migratory signals, and extrinsic regulators.Immunological reviews · 2021Review
- Germinal Center and Extrafollicular B Cell Responses in Vaccination, Immunity, and Autoimmunity.Immunity · 2020Review
- IL-12 Blocks Tfh Cell Differentiation during Salmonella Infection, thereby Contributing to Germinal Center Suppression.Cell reports · 2019Article
- TNF-α Contributes to Lymphoid Tissue Disorganization and Germinal Center B Cell Suppression during Intracellular Bacterial Infection.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2019Article
- Techniques to Study Antigen-Specific B Cell Responses.Frontiers in immunology · 2019Review
- Optimal protection againstProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2018Article
- Humoral immune responses to infection: common mechanisms and unique strategies to combat pathogen immune evasion tactics.Current opinion in immunology · 2018Review
- Article
- Vaccination against Salmonella Infection: the Mucosal Way.Microbiology and molecular biology reviews : MMBR · 2017Review
- Salmonella Infection Enhances Erythropoietin Production by the Kidney and Liver, Which Correlates with Elevated Bacterial Burdens.Infection and immunity · 2016Article
- Soluble flagellin coimmunization attenuates Th1 priming to Salmonella and clearance by modulating dendritic cell activation and cytokine production.European journal of immunology · 2015Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
CD4(+) T cells and B cells are both essential for acquired immunity to Salmonella infection. It is well established that Salmonella inhibit host CD4(+) T-cell responses, but a corresponding inhibitory effect on B cells is less well defined. Here, we utilize an Ag tetramer and pull-down enrichment strategy to directly visualize OVA-specific B cells in mice, as they respond to infection with Salmonella-OVA. Surprisingly, OVA-specific B-cell expansion and germinal center formation was not detected until bacteria were cleared from the host. Furthermore, Salmonella infection also actively inhibited both B- and T-cell responses to the same coinjected Ag but this did not require the presence of iNOS. The Salmonella Pathogenicity Island 2 (SPI2) locus has been shown to be responsible for inhibition of Salmonella-specific CD4(+) T-cell responses, and an examination of SPI2-deficient bacteria demonstrated a recovery in B-cell expansion in infected mice. Together, these data suggest that Salmonella can simultaneously inhibit host B- and T-cell responses using SPI2-dependent mechanisms.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.