Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25346264›Full record

ArticleEvolution; international journal of organic evolution2015

Comparative support for the expensive tissue hypothesis: Big brains are correlated with smaller gut and greater parental investment in Lake Tanganyika cichlids.

Masahito Tsuboi, Arild Husby, Alexander Kotrschal, Alexander Hayward, Séverine D Buechel, Josefina Zidar, Hanne Løvlie, Niclas Kolm

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Evolution; international journal of organic evolution, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 36 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
36citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

36 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Parental investment and body temperature explain encephalization in vertebrates.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2025
    Article
  6. Article
  7. Evolution of Plasticity in Brain Morphology.Brain, behavior and evolution · 2025
    Review
  8. Review
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Wolf-Dog-Human: Companionship Based on Common Social Tools.Animals : an open access journal from MDPI · 2023
    Review
  12. Article
  13. Parental provisioning drives brain size in birds.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2023
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Masahito TsuboiEvolutionary Biology Centre, Department of Ecology and Genetics/Animal Ecology, Uppsala University, Norbyvägen 18D, SE-75236, Uppsala, Sweden. masahito.tsuboi@ebc.uu.se.
Arild Husby
Alexander Kotrschal
Alexander Hayward
Séverine D Buechel
Josefina Zidar
Hanne Løvlie
Niclas Kolm

Funding

Austrian Science Fund FWF J 3304
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The brain is one of the most energetically expensive organs in the vertebrate body. Consequently, the energetic requirements of encephalization are suggested to impose considerable constraints on brain size evolution. Three main hypotheses concerning how energetic constraints might affect brain evolution predict covariation between brain investment and (1) investment into other costly tissues, (2) overall metabolic rate, and (3) reproductive investment. To date, these hypotheses have mainly been tested in homeothermic animals and the existing data are inconclusive. However, there are good reasons to believe that energetic limitations might play a role in large-scale patterns of brain size evolution also in ectothermic vertebrates. Here, we test these hypotheses in a group of ectothermic vertebrates, the Lake Tanganyika cichlid fishes. After controlling for the effect of shared ancestry and confounding ecological variables, we find a negative association between brain size and gut size. Furthermore, we find that the evolution of a larger brain is accompanied by increased reproductive investment into egg size and parental care. Our results indicate that the energetic costs of encephalization may be an important general factor involved in the evolution of brain size also in ectothermic vertebrates.

Indexed as

Evolution, MolecularAnimalsBrainCichlidsEcosystemEnergy MetabolismIntestinal MucosaIntestinesOrgan SizeBrain evolutionconstraintsencephalizationphylogenetic comparative methodsthe expensive tissue hypothesistrade-offs

Identifiers

PMID25346264
PMCPMC4312921

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.