Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25345511›Full record

ReviewCNS & neurological disorders drug targets2014

Status of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase in Alzheimer's disease and type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Gohar Mushtaq, Nigel H Greig, Jalaluddin A Khan, Mohammad A Kamal

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in CNS & neurological disorders drug targets, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 115 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
115citing papers in PubMed
6.9field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

115 citing papers in PubMed, 307 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Investigating the Antidiabetic Effects ofFood science & nutrition · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Biochemistry and biophysics reports · 2026
    Article
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  19. Article
  20. Review

55 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Gohar Mushtaq
Nigel H Greig
Jalaluddin A Khan
Mohammad A KamalDepartment of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. gmushtaq2001@gmail.com.
King Abdulaziz University · SA

Funding

Design And Development Of Experimental Therapeutics ((Systemic & Neurodegenerative Disorders and Alzheimer's Disease)ZIAAG000311 · NIA · NATIONAL INSTITUTE ON AGING · PI GREIG, NIGEL H. · 2009 to 2025
$16.0M
Intramural NIH HHS Z99 AG999999
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Both Alzheimer's disease (AD) and Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) share the presence of systemic and neuro-inflammation, enhanced production and accumulation of β -amyloid peptide and abnormal levels of the enzymes acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE). Altered levels of AChE and BuChE both in AD as well as in T2DM imply that those two enzymes may be playing a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the two disorders. AD and T2DM are both characterized by elevated levels of AChE and BuChE in the plasma. On the other hand, in AD the brain levels of AChE go down while those of BuChE go up, resulting in deregulation in balance between AChE and BuChE. This imbalance and change in the AChE/BuChE ratio causes cholinergic deficit in the brain, i.e. deficiency in the brain neurotransmitter acetylcholine. With better understanding of the inter-relationship of AChE and BuChE levels in normality as well as abnormality, AD and T2DM can be effectively treated. Thus, general cholinesterase inhibitors that inhibit both AChE and BuChE as well as highly selective BuChE inhibitors may have potential therapeutic benefits in the treatment of AD and other related dementias.

Indexed as

AcetylcholinesteraseAlzheimer DiseaseAnimalsButyrylcholinesteraseDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Enzyme InhibitorsHumansAcetylcholinesteraseButyrylcholinesteraseEnzyme Inhibitors

Identifiers

PMID25345511
PMCPMC5878042
OpenAlexW2142587255

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.