ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2015
Gender differences in negative reinforcement smoking expectancies.
Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 26 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
26 citing papers in PubMed, 48 citations in OpenAlex.
- Exploring Gender Differences in Receipt of the 5As for Smoking Cessation for Recently Diagnosed Cancer Patients (ECOG-ACRIN EAQ171CD).Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Trial
- Efficacy of a Gender-Relevant Smoking Cessation Intervention Among Women in Brazil: Findings from a Group Randomized Controlled Trial.Journal of women's health (2002) · 2022Trial
- Ovarian Hormones and Transdermal Nicotine Administration Independently and Synergistically Suppress Tobacco Withdrawal Symptoms and Smoking Reinstatement in the Human Laboratory.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2018Trial
- Reprint of: Smoking and pulmonary health in women: A narrative review and behavioral health perspective.Preventive medicine · 2024Review
- Associations Between Childhood Trauma and Tobacco Use Outcomes in Adults after Overnight Abstinence.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2024Article
- Recent Studies on the Development of Nicotine Abuse and Behavioral Changes Induced by Chronic Stress Depending on Gender.Brain sciences · 2023Review
- Smoking cessation strategies for women: An analysis of smoking cessation determinants among Korean female smokers participating in a smoking cessation outreach program.Health promotion perspectives · 2023Article
- Studying Sex Differences in Rodent Models of Addictive Behavior.Current protocols · 2021Article
- Trend in the Prevalence of Non-Daily Smoking and Their Relationship with Mental Health Using the Korea Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2020Article
- The protective role of emotional intelligence in smoking relapse during a 12-month follow-up smoking cessation intervention.PloS one · 2020Article
- Gender Differences in Negative Affect During Acute Tobacco Abstinence Differ Between African American and White Adult Cigarette Smokers.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2019Article
- Differential effect of sex on pain severity and smoking behavior and processes.Addictive behaviors · 2019Article
- Sex-Specific Link Between Emotional Vulnerability and Poor Weight Control in Cigarette Smokers.International journal of behavioral medicine · 2019Article
- Vaping Expectancies: A Qualitative Study among Young AdultSubstance abuse : research and treatment · 2019Article
- The impact of oxytocin on stress: the role of sex.Current opinion in behavioral sciences · 2018Article
- Sex differences in smoking constructs and abstinence: The explanatory role of smoking outcome expectancies.Psychology of addictive behaviors : journal of the Society of Psychologists in Addictive Behaviors · 2018Article
- Smoking cessation in pregnancy: a continuing challenge in the United States.Therapeutic advances in drug safety · 2018Review
- Smoking Consequences Questionnaire: A reevaluation of the psychometric properties across two independent samples of smokers.Psychological assessment · 2018Article
- Perceived stress and poly-tobacco product use across adolescence: Patterns of association and gender differences.Journal of psychiatric research · 2017Article
- Premenstrual symptoms and factors implicated in smoking cessation among woman smokers.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2017Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundPrevious research suggests that females may be more motivated to smoke for negative reinforcement (NR) than males. However, it remains unclear whether gender differences in smoking outcome expectancies for negative smoking reinforcement-an important theoretical and clinical target defined as beliefs that smoking alleviates negative affect-exist above and beyond gender differences in depression and/or other outcome expectancies.
methodsRelations between gender and negative smoking reinforcement expectancies were examined in two independent samples. Sample 1 consisted of non-treatment seeking daily smokers (Male n = 188; Female n = 91) recruited from Southern California (49.5% Black, 32.2% Caucasian, and 18.3% other race/ethnicity). Sample 2 consisted of treatment seeking daily smokers (Male n = 257; Female n = 237) in Northern Florida and Vermont (10.7% Black, 82.9% Caucasian, and 6.4% other).
resultsFemales (vs. males) reported stronger NR smoking expectancies with and without statistically controlling for nicotine dependence, other smoking expectancies, and anxiety and depression in both samples (βs = .06 to .14, ps = .06 to < .001).
conclusionsBeliefs that smoking alleviates negative affect may reflect a gender-specific etiological process disproportionately prominent in women. Enhancing ability to cope with negative affect without smoking or challenge NR expectancies may be particularly important for cessation treatment in women.
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What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.