Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25344577›Full record

ArticleEmergency medicine journal : EMJ2015

Simulation-based training and assessment of non-technical skills in the Norwegian Helicopter Emergency Medical Services: a cross-sectional survey.

Håkon B Abrahamsen, Stephen J M Sollid, Lennart S Öhlund, Jo Røislien, Gunnar Tschudi Bondevik

Open access · hybridAbstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Emergency medicine journal : EMJ, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
11citing papers in PubMed
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 7% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

11 citing papers in PubMed, 32 citations in OpenAlex.

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  3. A scoping review of global approaches to education in adult critical care retrieval.African journal of emergency medicine : Revue africaine de la medecine d'urgence · 2026
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Håkon B AbrahamsenDepartment of Research and Development, Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation, Drøbak, Norway Department of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway National Centre for Emergency Primary Health Care, Uni Research Health, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway Department of Industrial Economics, Risk Management and Planning, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway.
Stephen J M SollidDepartment of Research and Development, Norwegian Air Ambulance Foundation, Drøbak, Norway Department of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway Air Ambulance Department, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Lennart S ÖhlundFaculty of Health and Occupational Studies, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden.
Jo RøislienDepartment of Health Sciences, University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway Department of Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.
Gunnar Tschudi BondevikDepartment of Global Public Health and Primary Care, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway National Centre for Emergency Primary Health Care, Uni Research Health, Uni Research, Bergen, Norway.
Stiftelsen Norsk Luftambulanse · NOUni Research (Norway) · NOUniversity of Gävle · SEUniversity of Oslo · NO

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundHuman error and deficient non-technical skills (NTSs) among providers of ALS in helicopter emergency medical services (HEMS) is a threat to patient and operational safety. Skills can be improved through simulation-based training and assessment.

objectiveTo document the current level of simulation-based training and assessment of seven generic NTSs in crew members in the Norwegian HEMS.

methodsA cross-sectional survey, either electronic or paper-based, of all 207 physicians, HEMS crew members (HCMs) and pilots working in the civilian Norwegian HEMS (11 bases), between 8 May and 25 July 2012.

resultsThe response rate was 82% (n=193). A large proportion of each of the professional groups lacked simulation-based training and assessment of their NTSs. Compared with pilots and HCMs, physicians undergo statistically significantly less frequent simulation-based training and assessment of their NTSs. Fifty out of 82 (61%) physicians were on call for more than 72 consecutive hours on a regular basis. Of these, 79% did not have any training in coping with fatigue. In contrast, 72 out of 73 (99%) pilots and HCMs were on call for more than 3 days in a row. Of these, 54% did not have any training in coping with fatigue.

conclusionsOur study indicates a lack of simulation-based training and assessment. Pilots and HCMs train and are assessed more frequently than physicians. All professional groups are on call for extended hours, but receive limited training in how to cope with fatigue.

Indexed as

Air AmbulancesAdultCross-Sectional StudiesEducational MeasurementEmergency MedicineFatigueFemaleHumansInservice TrainingMaleNorwayPatient SimulationSurveys and Questionnairesaccident preventionassessmentcritical care transportprehospital care, helicopter retrievaltraining

Identifiers

PMID25344577
PMCPMC4518743
OpenAlexW2114085167

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.