Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25344286›Full record

ArticleGenome biology2014

Improved characterization of medically relevant fungi in the human respiratory tract using next-generation sequencing.

Kyle Bittinger, Emily S Charlson, Elizabeth Loy, David J Shirley, Andrew R Haas, Alice Laughlin, Yanjie Yi, Gary D Wu, James D Lewis, Ian Frank and 5 more

Abstract readComparative Study
In one paragraph

Article in Genome biology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 90 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
90citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

90 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.

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30 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Kyle BittingerDepartment of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Emily S Charlson
Elizabeth Loy
David J Shirley
Andrew R Haas
Alice Laughlin
Yanjie Yi
Gary D Wu
James D Lewis
Ian Frank
Edward Cantu
Joshua M Diamond
Jason D Christie
Ronald G Collman
Frederic D Bushman

Funding

Virus & Reservoirs CoreP30AI045008 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI ROBERT GROSS · 1999 to 2026
$78.6M
Human Respiratory Tract Microbiome in Health, HIV Infection and HIV Lung DiseaseU01HL098957 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI BUSHMAN, FREDERIC D, COLLMAN, RONALD G · 2009 to 2013
$3.9M
Lung Transplant Microbiome and Chronic Allograft DysfunctionR01HL113252 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI BUSHMAN, FREDERIC D, CHRISTIE, JASON D · 2013 to 2016
$2.9M
Training in bacteriologyT32AI060516 · NIAID · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI GOULIAN, MARK D, ZHU, JUN · 2006 to 2015
$2.0M
Lung Transplant donor: prediction, evaluation, and mechanismK23HL116656 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF PENNSYLVANIA · PI CANTU, EDWARD · 2013 to 2017
$872k
NHLBI NIH HHS K23 HL116656NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL113252NHLBI NIH HHS U01 HL098957NHLBI NIH HHS U01HL098957NIAID NIH HHS P30 AI045008NIAID NIH HHS T32 AI060516NIAID NIH HHS T32AI060516NIMHD NIH HHS L32 MD008850
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundFungi are important pathogens but challenging to enumerate using next-generation sequencing because of low absolute abundance in many samples and high levels of fungal DNA from contaminating sources.

resultsHere, we analyze fungal lineages present in the human airway using an improved method for contamination filtering. We use DNA quantification data, which are routinely acquired during DNA library preparation, to annotate output sequence data, and improve the identification and filtering of contaminants. We compare fungal communities and bacterial communities from healthy subjects, HIV+ subjects, and lung transplant recipients, providing a gradient of increasing lung impairment for comparison. We use deep sequencing to characterize ribosomal rRNA gene segments from fungi and bacteria in DNA extracted from bronchiolar lavage samples and oropharyngeal wash. Comparison to clinical culture data documents improved detection after applying the filtering procedure.

conclusionsWe find increased representation of medically relevant organisms, including Candida, Cryptococcus, and Aspergillus, in subjects with increasingly severe pulmonary and immunologic deficits. We analyze covariation of fungal and bacterial taxa, and find that oropharyngeal communities rich in Candida are also rich in mitis group Streptococci,a community pattern associated with pathogenic polymicrobial biofilms. Thus, using this approach, it is possible to characterize fungal communities in the human respiratory tract more accurately and explore their interactions with bacterial communities in health and disease.

Indexed as

BiodiversityDNA, FungalFungiHigh-Throughput Nucleotide SequencingHumansMicrobiotaRespiratory SystemRNA, RibosomalSequence Analysis, DNADNA, FungalRNA, Ribosomal

Identifiers

PMID25344286
PMCPMC4232682

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.