Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25342899›Full record

ReviewInternational journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease2014

Influence of sex on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease risk and treatment outcomes.

Shambhu Aryal, Enrique Diaz-Guzman, David M Mannino

Open access · goldAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 106 papers, 6 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
106citing papers in PubMed, 6 pooled it
6.5field-weighted citation impact, top 3% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

106 citing papers in PubMed, 6 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 169 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Pooled it
  6. Gender-specific estimates of COPD prevalence: a systematic review and meta-analysis.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2018
    Pooled it
  7. Trial
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Bronchodilator efficacy of extrafine glycopyrronium bromide: the Glyco 2 study.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2017
    Trial
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Observational
  16. Article
  17. Review
  18. Sex Differences in Lung Immunity.Immunological reviews · 2026
    Review
  19. Article
  20. Article

46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Shambhu AryalDivision of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA.
Enrique Diaz-GuzmanDivision of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL, USA.
David M ManninoDepartment of Preventive Medicine and Environmental Health, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Duke University · USUniversity of Kentucky · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), one of the most common chronic diseases and a leading cause of death, has historically been considered a disease of men. However, there has been a rapid increase in the prevalence, morbidity, and mortality of COPD in women over the last two decades. This has largely been attributed to historical increases in tobacco consumption among women. But the influence of sex on COPD is complex and involves several other factors, including differential susceptibility to the effects of tobacco, anatomic, hormonal, and behavioral differences, and differential response to therapy. Interestingly, nonsmokers with COPD are more likely to be women. In addition, women with COPD are more likely to have a chronic bronchitis phenotype, suffer from less cardiovascular comorbidity, have more concomitant depression and osteoporosis, and have a better outcome with acute exacerbations. Women historically have had lower mortality with COPD, but this is changing as well. There are also differences in how men and women respond to different therapies. Despite the changing face of COPD, care providers continue to harbor a sex bias, leading to underdiagnosis and delayed diagnosis of COPD in women. In this review, we present the current knowledge on the influence of sex on COPD risk factors, epidemiology, diagnosis, comorbidities, treatment, and outcomes, and how this knowledge may be applied to improve clinical practices and advance research.

Indexed as

Healthcare DisparitiesHealth Status DisparitiesAgedAged, 80 and overComorbidityFemaleHumansLungMaleMiddle AgedPhenotypePrevalencePulmonary Disease, Chronic ObstructiveRisk FactorsSex FactorsSmokingchronic obstructive lung diseasecomorbiditysexsex biassmoking

Identifiers

PMID25342899
PMCPMC4206206
OpenAlexW2010497705

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.