Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25342170›Full record

ArticleEnvironmental health : a global access science source2014

Spatiotemporal association between birth outcomes and coke production and steel making facilities in Alabama, USA: a cross-sectional study.

Travis R Porter, Shia T Kent, Wei Su, Heidi M Beck, Julia M Gohlke

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Environmental health : a global access science source, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
2.2field-weighted citation impact, top 15% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Reductions in Respiratory Hospital Visits after a Coal Coking Plant Closure: A Natural Experiment.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2025
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Perinatal Health Inequalities in the Industrial Region of Estonia: A Birth Registry-Based Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2022
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Potential for city parks to reduce exposure to BTEX in air.Environmental science. Processes & impacts · 2019
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Review
  13. Review
  14. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Travis R Porter
Shia T Kent
Wei Su
Heidi M Beck
Julia M GohlkeDepartment of Environmental Health Sciences, School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham (UAB), Birmingham, AL 35294, USA. jgohlke@uab.edu.
University of Alabama at Birmingham · US

Funding

UAB CANCER RESEARCH EXPERIENCES FOR STUDENTS(CARES)R25CA076023 · NCI · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI SMITH, PETER R., WATERBOR, JOHN W · 1999 to 2020
$5.6M
CITY HEALTH - CENTER FOR THE STUDY OF COMMUNITY HEALTHU48DP001915 · DP · UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA AT BIRMINGHAM · PI MICHAEL, MAX · 2009 to 2013
$4.5M
NCCDPHP CDC HHS U48 DP001915NCCDPHP CDC HHS U48/DP001915NCI NIH HHS R25 CA076023NCI NIH HHS R25CA76023
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrevious research has shown exposure to air pollution increases the risk of adverse birth outcomes, although the effects of residential proximity to significant industrial point sources are less defined. The objective of the current study was to determine whether yearly reported releases from major industrial point sources are associated with adverse birth outcomes.

methodsMaternal residence from geocoded Alabama birth records between 1991 and 2010 were used to calculate distances from coke and steel production industries reporting emissions to the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. Logistic regression models were built to determine associations between distance or yearly fugitive emissions (volatile organic compounds, polycyclic aromatic compounds, and metals) from reporting facilities and preterm birth or low birth weight, adjusting for covariates including maternal age, race, payment method, education level, year and parity.

resultsA small but significant association between preterm birth and residential proximity (≤5.0 km) to coke and steel production facilities remained after adjustment for covariates (OR 1.05 95% CI: 1.01,1.09). Above average emissions from these facilities of volatile organic compounds during the year of birth were associated with low birth weight (OR 1.17 95% CI: 1.06, 1.29), whereas metals emissions were associated with preterm birth (OR 1.07 95% CI: 1.01, 1.14).

conclusionsThe present investigation suggests fugitive emissions from industrial point sources may increase the risk of adverse birth outcomes in surrounding neighborhoods. Further research teasing apart the relationship between exposure to emissions and area-level deprivation in neighborhoods surrounding industrial facilities and their combined effects on birth outcomes is needed.

Indexed as

Infant, Low Birth WeightInfant, PrematureMaternal ExposureAdolescentAdultAir PollutantsAlabamaBenzene DerivativesCokeCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansInfant, NewbornMetalsPolycyclic Aromatic HydrocarbonsPregnancyAir PollutantsBenzene DerivativesCokeMetalsPolycyclic Aromatic HydrocarbonsSteel

Identifiers

PMID25342170
PMCPMC4223752
OpenAlexW2099670024

What OpenQuestion holds

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LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.