ArticlePLoS neglected tropical diseases2014
IgG1 as a potential biomarker of post-chemotherapeutic relapse in visceral leishmaniasis, and adaptation to a rapid diagnostic test.
Article in PLoS neglected tropical diseases, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 61 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic Review of Host-Mediated Activity of Miltefosine in Leishmaniasis through Immunomodulation.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2019Pooled it
- IgG3 and IL10 are effective biomarkers for monitoring therapeutic effectiveness in Post Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Trial
- Effectiveness of the sesquiterpene (-)-α-bisabolol in dogs with naturally acquired canine leishmaniosis: an exploratory clinical trial.Veterinary research communications · 2018Trial
- Trial
- Application of ddPCR for diagnosis and treatment monitoring of visceral leishmaniasis patients: addition of an ultrasensitive tool to the diagnostic arsenal.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Systemic inflammatory markers of visceral leishmaniasis treatment response in East Africa.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2026Article
- Sex in Immune Cells and Parasitic Diseases - A Complex Relationship.Immunological reviews · 2026Review
- Insights to the HIV-associated visceral leishmaniasis clinical outcome: lessons learned about immune mediated disorders.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Performance of Extracellular Vesicles FromJournal of parasitology research · 2025Article
- Article
- Concomitant use of anti-leishmanial therapy and antibacterial prophylaxis reduces plasma LPS levels and improves several aspects of experimental Leishmania infantum infection in golden hamsters.Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz · 2025Article
- High resolution capillary western blot analysis of antibody reactivity in human visceral leishmaniasis.Revista do Instituto de Medicina Tropical de Sao Paulo · 2025Article
- Evaluation of Recombinase Polymerase Amplification assay for monitoring parasite load in patients with kala-azar and post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2023Article
- Quantitative monitoring of experimental and human leishmaniasis employing amastigote-specific genes.Parasitology · 2022Article
- Emergent canine visceral leishmaniasis in Argentina: Comparative diagnostics and relevance to proliferation of human disease.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2021Article
- High levels of anti-Leishmania IgG3 and low CD4BMC infectious diseases · 2021Article
- Molecular Tracking of theFrontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2021Review
- Diagnostic accuracy of direct agglutination test, rK39 ELISA and six rapid diagnostic tests among visceral leishmaniasis patients with and without HIV coinfection in Ethiopia.PLoS neglected tropical diseases · 2020Article
- Leishmaniasis immunopathology-impact on design and use of vaccines, diagnostics and drugs.Seminars in immunopathology · 2020Review
- Investigation of the antigenicity and protective efficacy of Leishmania promastigote membrane antigens in search of potential diagnostic and vaccine candidates against visceral leishmaniasis.Parasites & vectors · 2020Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 9 institutions in 7 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundVisceral leishmaniasis (VL), caused by protozoa of the Leishmania donovani complex, is a widespread parasitic disease of great public health importance; without effective chemotherapy symptomatic VL is usually fatal. Distinction of asymptomatic carriage from progressive disease and the prediction of relapse following treatment are hampered by the lack of prognostic biomarkers for use at point of care. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL
findingsAll IgG subclass and IgG isotype antibody levels were determined using unpaired serum samples from Indian and Sudanese patients with differing clinical status of VL, which included pre-treatment active VL, post-treatment cured, post-treatment relapsed, and post kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL), as well as seropositive (DAT and/or rK39) endemic healthy controls (EHCs) and seronegative EHCs. L. donovani antigen-specific IgG1 levels were significantly elevated in relapsed versus cured VL patients (p<0.0001). Using paired Indian VL sera, consistent with the known IgG1 half-life, IgG1 levels had not decreased significantly at day 30 after the start of treatment (p = 0.8304), but were dramatically decreased by 6 months compared to day 0 (p = 0.0032) or day 15 (p<0.0001) after start of treatment. Similarly, Sudanese sera taken soon after treatment did not show a significant change in the IgG1 levels (p = 0.3939). Two prototype lateral flow immunochromatographic rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) were developed to detect IgG1 levels following VL treatment: more than 80% of the relapsed VL patients were IgG1 positive; at least 80% of the cured VL patients were IgG1 negative (p<0.0001). CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: Six months after treatment of active VL, elevated levels of specific IgG1 were associated with treatment failure and relapse, whereas no IgG1 or low levels were detected in cured VL patients. A lateral flow RDT was successfully developed to detect anti-Leishmania IgG1 as a potential biomarker of post-chemotherapeutic relapse.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.