ReviewFrontiers in neurology2014
A scientific cognitive-behavioral model of tinnitus: novel conceptualizations of tinnitus distress.
Review in Frontiers in neurology, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 94 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
94 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association of hearing loss and risk of depression: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in neurology · 2024Pooled it
- Cognitive behavioural therapy for tinnitus.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2020Pooled it
- The Relationship of Tinnitus Distress With Personality Traits: A Systematic Review.Frontiers in neurology · 2020Pooled it
- A multidisciplinary European guideline for tinnitus: diagnostics, assessment, and treatment.HNO · 2019Guideline
- The Effect of Mindfulness-Based Interventions on Tinnitus Distress. A Systematic Review.Frontiers in neurology · 2019Pooled it
- Applicability of the real ear measurement for audiological intervention of tinnitus.Brazilian journal of otorhinolaryngologyTrial
- Addressing neonatal intensive care unit clinicians' distress via interprofessional meetings.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Article
- Tinnitus.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- EEG-Based Multifocal Tomographic Neurofeedback in Older Individuals With Chronic Tinnitus Does Not Lead to Persistent Electrophysiological Changes.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Perceptual and neural biomarkers of distraction from an external sound source are not associated with tinnitus severity.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2026Article
- Mindfulness-based therapy for chronic tinnitus: a narrative review.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Review
- Higher social support is associated with lower tinnitus-related disability among institutionalized older adults: a cross-sectional study.Frontiers in public health · 2026Article
- Acceptance and commitment therapy for patients with chronic tinnitus resistant to tinnitus retraining therapy: A case series.PCN reports : psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2025Article
- Somatosensory Intervention Targeting Temporomandibular Disorders and Awake Bruxism Positively Impacts Subjective Tinnitus.Audiology research · 2025Article
- A Brief Biofeedback Training, Integrated with Breathing and Relaxation Exercises, in Treating Tinnitus Disorders within Routine Medical Care.Applied psychophysiology and biofeedback · 2025Article
- Tinnitus Measured in Everyday Life: A Literature Review of Ecological Momentary Assessment Studies.Journal of the Association for Research in Otolaryngology : JARO · 2025Review
- When the Mind Meets the Ear: A Scoping Review on Tinnitus and Clinically Measured Psychiatric Comorbidities.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Review
- Cognitive Behavioural Therapy (CBT) for Managing Tinnitus, Hyperacusis, and Misophonia: The 2025 Tonndorf Lecture.Brain sciences · 2025Article
- Review
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34 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The importance of psychological factors in tinnitus distress has been formally recognized for almost three decades. The psychological understanding of why tinnitus can be a distressing condition posits that it becomes problematic when it acquires an emotive significance through cognitive processes. Principle therapeutic efforts are directed at reducing or removing the cognitive (and behavioral) obstacles to habituation. Here, the evidence relevant to a new psychological model of tinnitus is critically reviewed. The model posits that patients' interpretations of tinnitus and the changes in behavior that result are given a central role in creating and maintaining distress. The importance of selective attention and the possibility that this leads to distorted perception of tinnitus is highlighted. From this body of evidence, we propose a coherent cognitive-behavioral model of tinnitus distress that is more in keeping with contemporary psychological theories of clinical problems (particularly that of insomnia) and which postulates a number of behavioral processes that are seen as cognitively mediated. This new model provides testable hypotheses to guide future research to unravel the complex mechanisms underpinning tinnitus distress. It is also well suited to define individual symptomatology and to provide a framework for the delivery of cognitive-behavioral therapy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.