Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25336926›Full record

ArticlePatient preference and adherence2014

Motivations toward smoking cessation, reasons for relapse, and modes of quitting: results from a qualitative study among former and current smokers.

Krzysztof Buczkowski, Ludmila Marcinowicz, Slawomir Czachowski, Elwira Piszczek

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Patient preference and adherence, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 58 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
58citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

58 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.

  1. Pooled it
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  7. Why Adolescents Choose to Stop or Never Start Vaping: Evidence From South Africa.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026
    Article
  8. Reasons for smoking relapse according to time since quit attempt.Respiratory research & clinical practice · 2026
    Article
  9. Article
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  11. A Qualitative Investigation of Nicotine and Tobacco use in Young Pregnant and Birthing Sexual Minority People.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors.

Krzysztof BuczkowskiDepartment of Family Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland.
Ludmila MarcinowiczDepartment of Family Medicine and Community Nursing, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Slawomir CzachowskiDepartment of Family Medicine, Collegium Medicum, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland.
Elwira PiszczekSociology Institute, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Torun, Poland.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSmoking cessation plays a crucial role in reducing preventable morbidity and mortality and is a recognized public-health-policy issue in many countries. Two of the most important factors that affect the efficacy of quitting smoking are motivation and the ability to cope with situations causing relapse.

aimThe objective of the study reported here was to investigate former and current smokers' motivations for smoking cessation, reasons for relapse, and modes of quitting.

methodsWe arranged four focus groups with 24 participants (twelve current and twelve former smokers) and eleven semi-structured interviews (five current and six former smokers) with a view to understanding and categorizing their opinions on motivations and the course and process of smoking cessation. The data were next analyzed using descriptive qualitative methods.

resultsTHREE MAIN THEMES WERE IDENTIFIED: (1) motivations to quit smoking, (2) reasons why smokers sometimes relapse, and (3) modes of quitting smoking. Within the first theme, the following six subthemes surfaced: (1) a smoking ban at home and at work due to other people's wishes and rules, (2) the high cost of cigarettes, (3) the unpleasant smell, (4) health concern, (5) pregnancy and breastfeeding, and (6) a variety of other factors. The second theme encompassed the following subthemes: (1) stress and the need to lessen it by smoking a cigarette, (2) the need to experience the pleasure connected with smoking, and (3) the smoking environment both at home and at work. Participants presented different smoking-cessation modes, but mainly they were unplanned attempts.

conclusionTwo very important motivations for smoking cessation were a smoking ban at home and at work due to other people's wishes and rules, and the high cost of cigarettes. The most common smoking-cessation mode was a spontaneous decision to quit, caused by a particular trigger factor. Relapse causes encompassed, most notably: stress, lack of the pleasure previously obtained from smoking, and the smoking environment.

Indexed as

motivationprimary carequalitative researchsmoking cessation

Identifiers

PMID25336926
PMCPMC4199752

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.