ArticleNicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco2015
Effects of nicotine and nicotine expectancy on attentional bias for emotional stimuli.
Article in Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed.
- Unconscious effects of addiction-specific attentional bias and the wanting-liking imbalance in smoking: a visual mismatch negativity study.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2026Article
- Co-occurring tobacco and cannabis use in adolescents: Dissociable relationships with mediofrontal electrocortical activity during reward feedback processing.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2021Article
- Effects of 7.5% Carbon Dioxide and Nicotine Administration on Latent Inhibition.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2021Article
- A review of the effects of nicotine on social functioning.Experimental and clinical psychopharmacology · 2018Review
- Longitudinal associations of social cognition and substance use in childhood and early adolescence: findings from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children.European child & adolescent psychiatry · 2018Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
Abstract
introductionNicotine's effects on mood are thought to enhance its addictive potential. However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of nicotine on affect regulation have not been reliably demonstrated in human laboratory studies. We investigated the effects of nicotine abstinence (Experiment 1), and nicotine challenge and expectancy (Experiment 2) on attentional bias towards facial emotional stimuli differing in emotional valence.
methodsIn Experiment 1, 46 nicotine-deprived smokers were randomized to either continue to abstain from smoking or to smoke immediately before testing. In Experiment 2, 96 nicotine-deprived smokers were randomized to smoke a nicotinized or denicotinized cigarette and to be told that the cigarette did or did not contain nicotine. In both experiments participants completed a visual probe task, where positively valenced (happy) and negatively valenced (sad) facial expressions were presented, together with neutral facial expressions.
resultsIn Experiment 1, there was evidence of an interaction between probe location and abstinence on reaction time, indicating that abstinent smokers showed an attentional bias for neutral stimuli. In Experiment 2, there was evidence of an interaction between probe location, nicotine challenge and expectation on reaction time, indicating that smokers receiving nicotine, but told that they did not receive nicotine, showed an attentional bias for emotional stimuli.
conclusionsOur data suggest that nicotine abstinence appears to disrupt attentional bias towards emotional facial stimuli. These data provide support for nicotine's modulation of attentional bias as a central mechanism for maintaining affect regulation in cigarette smoking.
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