ArticleBMC public health2014
Immigrant enclaves and risk of diabetes: a prospective study.
Article in BMC public health, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
5 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A systematic review of co-ethnic exposure and cardiometabolic outcomes in racial and ethnic minoritized populations.Public health reviews · 2026Pooled it
- Article
- A matter of measurement? A Swedish register-based study of migrant residential segregation and all-cause mortality.SSM - population health · 2025Article
- The immigrant birthweight paradox in an urban cohort: Role of immigrant enclaves and ambient air pollution.Journal of exposure science & environmental epidemiology · 2022Article
- Swedish version of measuring cultural awareness in nursing students: validity and reliability test.BMC nursing · 2016Article
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Authors and funding
7 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundThe diversity of the Swedish population has increased substantially over the past three decades. The aim of this study was to assess whether living in an ethnic enclave is associated with risk of diabetes mellitus (DM) among first and second-generation immigrants and native Swedes.
methodsCumulative incidence of DM in three urban municipalities was assessed from 2006-2010 by linking records from the national census, multi-generational family register, and prescription drug register. Immigrant enclaves were identified using Moran's Index. Multi-level logistic regression was used to assess the relationship between enclave residence and risk of DM for three groups: Iraqi immigrants, non-Iraqi immigrants, and native Swedes (N = 887,603).
resultsThe cumulative incidence of DM was greater in Iraqi enclaves compared to other neighborhoods (4.7% vs. 2.3%). Among Iraqi immigrants, enclave residence was not associated with odds of DM (Odds ratio (OR): 1.03, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 0.86 - 1.24). Among other immigrants, enclave residence was not associated with DM after accounting for neighborhood deprivation. Among native Swedes, enclave residence was associated with elevated risk of DM even after accounting for neighborhood deprivation and individual-level characteristics (OR: 1.23, 95% CI: 1.11 - 1.36).
conclusionsResidential ethnic composition is associated with DM but this relationship differs across ethnic group. Enclave residence is not associated with increased odds of DM for immigrants, regardless of their nation of origin, but it is associated with increased likelihood of DM for native Swedes.
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.