Trial reportThe American journal of clinical nutrition2014
Improving women's diet quality preconceptionally and during gestation: effects on birth weight and prevalence of low birth weight--a randomized controlled efficacy trial in India (Mumbai Maternal Nutrition Project).
Open access · hybridAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
In one paragraph
Trial report in The American journal of clinical nutrition, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 89 papers, 11 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
89citing papers in PubMed, 11 pooled it
20.2field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
89 citing papers in PubMed, 11 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 143 citations in OpenAlex.
- Role of preconception nutrition supplements in maternal anemia and intrauterine growth: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Systematic reviews · 2025Pooled it
- Effectiveness of preconception interventions in primary care: a systematic review.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2022Pooled it
- Preconception and periconception interventions to prevent low birth weight, small for gestational age and preterm birth: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ global health · 2022Pooled it
- Diverticulitis during pregnancy: A review of the reported cases.Frontiers in medicine · 2022Pooled it
- Maternal Vitamin B12 Status During Pregnancy and Its Association With Outcomes of Pregnancy and Health of the Offspring: A Systematic Review and Implications for Policy in India.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2021Pooled it
- Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2019Pooled it
- Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2017Pooled it
- Birth weight and risk of ischemic heart disease: A Mendelian randomization study.Scientific reports · 2016Pooled it
- Vitamin supplementation for preventing miscarriage.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2016Pooled it
- Multiple-micronutrient supplementation for women during pregnancy.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Antenatal dietary education and supplementation to increase energy and protein intake.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2015Pooled it
- Associations between socio-demographic factors and diet patterns among Indian women in a low-income urban setting.European journal of clinical nutrition · 2026Trial
- Hemoglobin During Pregnancy Does Not Mediate the Relationship between Nutrition Supplements and Intrauterine Growth: A Secondary Data Analysis of Women First Preconception Nutrition Trial.The Journal of nutrition · 2025Trial
- Preconception Micronutrient Supplementation Affects Maternal BMI and Body Composition Postpartum: A Randomized Controlled Trial in Vietnam.The Journal of nutrition · 2024Trial
- Body Composition and Cardiometabolic Risk Markers in Children of Women who Took Part in a Randomized Controlled Trial of a Preconceptional Nutritional Intervention in Mumbai, India.The Journal of nutrition · 2022Trial
- Preconception micronutrient supplementation positively affects child intellectual functioning at 6 y of age: A randomized controlled trial in Vietnam.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2021Trial
- Growth from Birth Through Six Months for Infants of Mothers in the "Women First" Preconception Maternal Nutrition Trial.The Journal of pediatrics · 2021Trial
- The impact of maternal supplementation during pregnancy and the first 6 months postpartum on the growth status of the next child born after the intervention period: Follow-up results from Bangladesh and Ghana.Maternal & child nutrition · 2020Trial
- Trial
- Maternal Characteristics Affect Fetal Growth Response in the Women First Preconception Nutrition Trial.Nutrients · 2019Trial
29 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
23 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Ramesh D PotdarFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Sirazul A SahariahFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Meera GandhiFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Sarah H KehoeFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Nick BrownFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Harshad SaneFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Monika DayamaFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Swati JhaFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Ashwin LawandeFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Patsy J CoakleyFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Ella Marley-ZagarFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Harsha ChopraFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Devi ShivshankaranFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Purvi Chheda-GalaFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Priyadarshini Muley-LotankarFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
G SubbulakshmiFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Andrew K WillsFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Vanessa A CoxFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Vijaya TaskarFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
David J P BarkerFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Alan A JacksonFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Barrie M MargettsFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
Caroline H D FallFrom the Centre for the Study of Social Change, Mumbai, India (RDP, SAS, MG, HS, MD, SJ, AL, HC, DS, PC-G, PM-L, and GS); the Medical Research Council Lifecourse Epidemiology Unit (SHK, NB, PJC, EM-Z, AKW, VAC, DJPB, and CHDF), the National Institute for Health Research Southampton Biomedical Research Centre (AAJ), and Public Health Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine (BMM), University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom; and Streehitakarini, Mumbai, India (VT).
University of Southampton · GB
Funding
Medical Research Council MC_U147574247Medical Research Council MC_UP_A620_1016Medical Research Council MC_UU_12011/3Medical Research Council MR/M005186/1Wellcome Trust 074048
Abstract
backgroundLow birth weight (LBW) is an important public health problem in undernourished populations.
objectiveWe tested whether improving women's dietary micronutrient quality before conception and throughout pregnancy increases birth weight in a high-risk Indian population.
designThe study was a nonblinded, individually randomized controlled trial. The intervention was a daily snack made from green leafy vegetables, fruit, and milk (treatment group) or low-micronutrient vegetables (potato and onion) (control group) from ≥ 90 d before pregnancy until delivery in addition to the usual diet. Treatment snacks contained 0.69 MJ of energy (controls: 0.37 MJ) and 10-23% of WHO Reference Nutrient Intakes of β-carotene, riboflavin, folate, vitamin B-12, calcium, and iron (controls: 0-7%). The primary outcome was birth weight.
resultsOf 6513 women randomly assigned, 2291 women became pregnant, 1962 women delivered live singleton newborns, and 1360 newborns were measured. In an intention-to-treat analysis, there was no overall increase in birth weight in the treatment group (+26 g; 95% CI: -15, 68 g; P = 0.22). There was an interaction (P < 0.001) between the allocation group and maternal prepregnant body mass index (BMI; in kg/m(2)) [birth-weight effect: -23, +34, and +96 g in lowest (<18.6), middle (18.6-21.8), and highest (>21.8) thirds of BMI, respectively]. In 1094 newborns whose mothers started supplementation ≥ 90 d before pregnancy (per-protocol analysis), birth weight was higher in the treatment group (+48 g; 95% CI: 1, 96 g; P = 0.046). Again, the effect increased with maternal BMI (-8, +79, and +113 g; P-interaction = 0.001). There were similar results for LBW (intention-to-treat OR: 0.83; 95% CI: 0.66, 1.05; P = 0.10; per-protocol OR = 0.76; 95% CI: 0.59, 0.98; P = 0.03) but no effect on gestational age in either analysis.
conclusionsA daily snack providing additional green leafy vegetables, fruit, and milk before conception and throughout pregnancy had no overall effect on birth weight. Per-protocol and subgroup analyses indicated a possible increase in birth weight if the mother was supplemented ≥ 3 mo before conception and was not underweight. This trial was registered at www.controlled-trials.com/isrctn/ as ISRCTN62811278.
Indexed as
DietHealth PromotionInfant, Low Birth WeightMaternal Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaAdultbeta CaroteneBirth WeightBody Mass IndexDietary SupplementsEnergy IntakeFemaleFolic AcidFruitGestational AgeHumansIndiabeta CaroteneFolic AcidMicronutrientsRiboflavinVitamin B 12
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