ArticleAddiction (Abingdon, England)2015
Use of stop-smoking medications in the United States before and after the introduction of varenicline.
Article in Addiction (Abingdon, England), 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
17 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Can We Predict Who Will Experience Adverse Events While Using Smoking Cessation Pharmacotherapy? A Secondary Analysis of the EAGLES Clinical Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2025Trial
- History and Correlates of Smoking Cessation Behaviors Among Individuals With Current or Past Major Depressive Disorder Enrolled in a Smoking Cessation Trial.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2022Trial
- Long-Term Smoking Cessation Outcomes for Sexual Minority Versus Nonminority Smokers in a Large Randomized Controlled Trial of Two Web-Based Interventions.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Trial
- History and Correlates of Smoking Cessation Behaviors Among Smokers With Serious Mental Illness.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2020Trial
- Moderators of smoking cessation outcomes in a randomized-controlled trial of varenicline versus placebo.Psychopharmacology · 2017Trial
- Longitudinal changes in smoking abstinence symptoms and alternative reinforcers predict long-term smoking cessation outcomes.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2016Trial
- Impact of the disruption in supply of varenicline since 2021 on smoking cessation in England: A population study.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2024Article
- Trends in Over-the-Counter Nicotine Replacement Therapy Sales, U.S., 2017‒2020.American journal of preventive medicine · 2023Article
- Characterising the use of varenicline: an analysis of the Australian dispensing claims data.Addiction (Abingdon, England) · 2022Article
- Use of Electronic Cigarettes to Aid Long-Term Smoking Cessation in the United States: Prospective Evidence From the PATH Cohort Study.American journal of epidemiology · 2020Article
- Changes in smoking cessation assistance in the European Union between 2012 and 2017: pharmacotherapy versus counselling versus e-cigarettes.Tobacco control · 2019Article
- Trends in utilization of smoking cessation agents before and after the passage of FDA boxed warning in the United States.Drug and alcohol dependence · 2017Observational
- Characteristics of first-time varenicline users - A cross-sectional study in Finnish quitters.BMC public health · 2017Article
- New Pharmacological Agents to Aid Smoking Cessation and Tobacco Harm Reduction: What Has Been Investigated, and What Is in the Pipeline?CNS drugs · 2016Review
- Quitting smoking before and after varenicline: a population study based on two representative samples of US smokers.Tobacco control · 2016Article
- Effects of Televised Direct-to-Consumer Advertising for Varenicline on Prescription Dispensing in the United States, 2006-2009.Nicotine & tobacco research : official journal of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco · 2016Article
- Development and application of culturally appropriate decision aids for smoking cessation in Korea: a pragmatic clustered randomization crossover trial.Patient preference and adherence · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
aimsTo evaluate trends in use of stop-smoking medications (SSMs) before and after varenicline (Chantix™) was introduced to the market-place in the United States, and to determine whether varenicline reached segments of the population unlikely to use other SSMs.
designCohort survey.
settingUnited States.
participantsA nationally representative sample of adult smokers in the United States interviewed as part of the International Tobacco Control Four Country Survey between 2004 and 2011. Primary analyses used cross-sectional data from 1737 smokers who attempted to quit (∼450 per wave). MEASUREMENTS: Reporting an attempt to quit smoking; use of each of the following types of SSMs for the purpose of quitting smoking: nicotine gum, nicotine patch, other nicotine replacement therapy, bupropion and varenicline.
findingsThere was a significant increase in the rate of use of any SSM among quit attempters across the study period [odds ratio (OR) = 1.15, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.10-1.21 per year]. This increase was largest after varenicline was introduced (OR = 1.16, 95% CI = 1.07-1.26 per year); however, there was a decline in nicotine patch use during this time (OR = 0.87, 95% CI = 0.76-0.99 per year). Varenicline users were generally similar to users of other SSMs but differed from those who did not use any SSMs, in that they tended to be older (OR = 5.46, P = 0.024), to be white (OR = 2.33, P = 0.002), to have high incomes (OR = 1.85, P = 0.005), to have high nicotine dependence prior to quitting (OR = 2.40, P = 0.001) and to have used medication in the past (OR = 3.29, P < 0.001).
conclusionsThe introduction of varenicline in the United States coincided with a net increase in attempts to quit smoking and, among these, a net increase in use of stop-smoking medications. The demographic profile of varenicline users is similar to the profile of those who use other stop-smoking medications and different from the profile of those who attempt to quit without any medication.
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Registered trials
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