SynthesisJournal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care
Leishmaniasis as a Manifestation of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome (IRIS) in HIV-Infected Patients: A Literature Review.
Synthesis in Journal of the International Association of Providers of AIDS Care. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 9 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Who cites it
9 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 23 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome, a controversial burden in the East African context: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Pooled it
- Tegumentary Leishmaniasis Associated With Immune Reconstitution in an HIV Patient-A Case Report.Parasite immunology · 2026Article
- Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in a Patient With Cutaneous Leishmaniasis and HIV: A Diagnostic Challenge for Clinicians Caring for a Migrant Population in the United States.Open forum infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Disseminated Skin Lesions in a Patient Living With Human Immunodeficiency Virus.Open forum infectious diseases · 2023Article
- Hematological and Clinical Features Associated with Initial Poor Treatment Outcomes in Visceral Leishmaniasis Patients with and without HIV Coinfection in Gondar, Northwest Ethiopia.Tropical medicine and infectious disease · 2023Article
- Visceral Leishmaniasis and Herpes Zoster as a Component of Syndrome of Immune Reconstitution Inflammatory Syndrome in an HIV-Positive Patient.Case reports in infectious diseases · 2022Article
- Case Report:Frontiers in immunology · 2021Article
- Immunomodulatory Therapy of Visceral Leishmaniasis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Coinfected Patients.Frontiers in immunology · 2017Review
- Development of visceral leishmaniasis in an HIV(+) patient upon immune reconstitution following the initiation of antiretroviral therapy.Infection · 2016Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
introductionAfter the onset of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), some HIV-infected patients present a severe inflammation in response to a latent or a previously treated opportunistic pathogen termed immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Few reports of tegumentary and visceral leishmaniasis have been described in association with IRIS.
methodsA systematic literature review of IRIS in association with leishmaniasis identified 34 reported cases. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION: The majority of these occurred in males 4 months following the onset of HAART. The mean CD4 count before HAART was 94 ± 77 cells/mm³ increasing to 5 times the initial value between the onset of HAART and IRIS presentation. Visceral leishmaniasis and post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis were the most commonly reported clinical manifestations, followed by tegumentary leishmaniasis and uveitis.
conclusionsCommonly found characteristics included cutaneous involvement, regardless of Leishmania species; appearance of lesions unrelated to time of probable Leishmania infection; rapid recovery of CD4 count following HAART; and rapid progression.
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