ReviewAnnals of biomedical engineering2015
Emergence of scaffold-free approaches for tissue engineering musculoskeletal cartilages.
Review in Annals of biomedical engineering, 2015. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 60 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
60 citing papers in PubMed.
- Bioprinting of miRNA-Induced Spheroids for Vascularized, Heterocellular Bone Regeneration.Chemical engineering journal (Lausanne, Switzerland : 1996) · 2026Article
- Engineering Multi-Spheroid Bone Constructs Through the Fusion of Large MSC Spheroids.Journal of orthopaedic research : official publication of the Orthopaedic Research Society · 2026Article
- A translational approach to airway reconstruction leveraging decellularized meniscus and cartilage progenitor cells.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Cell flocculation and phase-separation support macro-scale tissue slab construction in a scaffold-free manner.Materials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Shaping 3D minimal model tissues with mechanical constraints to orchestrate muscle differentiation.Communications biology · 2025Article
- Stem-Cell Niches in Health and Disease: Microenvironmental Determinants of Regeneration and Pathology.Cells · 2025Review
- Cartilaginous microtissues exhibit extreme resilience under compression with size-dependent mechanical properties.Biomaterials · 2025Article
- Microphysiological System-Generated Physiological Shear Forces Reduce TNF-α-Mediated Cartilage Damage in a 3D Model of Arthritis.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2025Article
- Skeletal Muscle Tissue Engineering: From Tissue Regeneration to Biorobotics.Cyborg and bionic systems (Washington, D.C.) · 2025Review
- Small spheroids for head and neck cartilage tissue engineering.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Emerging Landscape ofACS pharmacology & translational science · 2024Review
- Multi-cellular engineered living systems to assess reproductive toxicology.Reproductive toxicology (Elmsford, N.Y.) · 2024Review
- Enhanced articular cartilage regeneration using costal chondrocyte-derived scaffold-free tissue engineered constructs with ascorbic acid treatment.Journal of orthopaedic translation · 2024Article
- Spheroid Formation of Human Adipose-Derived Stem Cells Using a Liquid Overlay Technique.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2024Article
- Trends of regenerative tissue engineering for oral and maxillofacial reconstruction in veterinary medicine.Frontiers in veterinary science · 2024Review
- Temporal Enzymatic Treatment to Enhance the Remodeling of Multiple Cartilage Microtissues into a Structurally Organized Tissue.Advanced healthcare materials · 2024Article
- Stem cell-based drug delivery strategy for skin regeneration and wound healing: potential clinical applications.Inflammation and regeneration · 2023Review
- An Injectable Engineered Cartilage Gel Improves Intervertebral Disc Repair in a Rat Nucleotomy Model.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Engineering three-dimensional bone macro-tissues by guided fusion of cell spheroids.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2023Article
- Biofabrication of functional bone tissue: defining tissue-engineered scaffolds from nature.Frontiers in bioengineering and biotechnology · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
Abstract
This review explores scaffold-free methods as an additional paradigm for tissue engineering. Musculoskeletal cartilages-for example articular cartilage, meniscus, temporomandibular joint disc, and intervertebral disc-are characterized by low vascularity and cellularity, and are amenable to scaffold-free tissue engineering approaches. Scaffold-free approaches, particularly the self-assembling process, mimic elements of developmental processes underlying these tissues. Discussed are various scaffold-free approaches for musculoskeletal cartilage tissue engineering, such as cell sheet engineering, aggregation, and the self-assembling process, as well as the availability and variety of cells used. Immunological considerations are of particular importance as engineered tissues are frequently of allogeneic, if not xenogeneic, origin. Factors that enhance the matrix production and mechanical properties of these engineered cartilages are also reviewed, as the fabrication of biomimetically suitable tissues is necessary to replicate function and ensure graft survival in vivo. The concept of combining scaffold-free and scaffold-based tissue engineering methods to address clinical needs is also discussed. Inasmuch as scaffold-based musculoskeletal tissue engineering approaches have been employed as a paradigm to generate engineered cartilages with appropriate functional properties, scaffold-free approaches are emerging as promising elements of a translational pathway not only for musculoskeletal cartilages but for other tissues as well.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.