Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25330258›Full record

ArticleJournal of medicinal chemistry2014

Radiosynthesis and evaluation of an 18F-labeled positron emission tomography (PET) radioligand for metabotropic glutamate receptor subtype 4 (mGlu4).

Kun-Eek Kil, Pekka Poutiainen, Zhaoda Zhang, Aijun Zhu, Ji-Kyung Choi, Kimmo Jokivarsi, Anna-Liisa Brownell

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of medicinal chemistry, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
1.2field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 25 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Test-retest properties of [EJNMMI research · 2025
    Article
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Detailed radiosynthesis of [Journal of labelled compounds & radiopharmaceuticals · 2023
    Article
  5. Article
  6. A Review of Molecular Imaging of Glutamate Receptors.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2020
    Review
  7. Synthesis and Characterization of Fluorine-18-LabeledJournal of medicinal chemistry · 2020
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Characterization of [Molecular imaging and biology · 2019
    Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Kun-Eek KilAthinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital , Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, United States.
Pekka Poutiainen
Zhaoda Zhang
Aijun Zhu
Ji-Kyung Choi
Kimmo Jokivarsi
Anna-Liisa Brownell
Massachusetts General Hospital · USAthinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging · US

Funding

Positive Allosteric Modulators as PET Imaging Ligans for mGluR4R01NS100164 · NINDS · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI BROWNELL, ANNA-LIISA, ZHANG, ZHAODA · 2016 to 2020
$3.7M
Positive allosteric modulators as PET imaging ligands for mGluR4R01EB012864 · NIBIB · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI BROWNELL, ANNA-LIISA · 2011 to 2014
$2.2M
Inveon: A Triple Modality Biomedical Imaging SystemS10RR029495 · NCRR · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI BROWNELL, ANNA-LIISA · 2010 to 2010
$1.3M
Targeting Glial mGluR5 in SchizophreniaR01MH091684 · NIMH · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI BROWNELL, ANNA-LIISA, CICCHETTI, FRANCESCA · 2010 to 2013
$1.2M
500 MHz NMR Spectrometer for Molecular Imaging ApplicationsS10RR023385 · NCRR · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI ROSEN, BRUCE R · 2007 to 2007
$500k
F-18 SynthesizerS10RR023452 · NCRR · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI BROWNELL, ANNA-LIISA · 2007 to 2007
$500k
Carbon-11 Radiopharmaceutical Production SystemS10RR026666 · NCRR · MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL · PI BROWNELL, ANNA-LIISA · 2010 to 2010
$462k
NCRR NIH HHS 1S10RR023452-01NCRR NIH HHS 1S10RR026666-01NCRR NIH HHS 1S10RR029495-01NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR023385NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR023452NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR026666NCRR NIH HHS S10 RR029495NIBIB NIH HHS NIBIB-R01EB012864NIBIB NIH HHS R01 EB012864NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH091684NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS100164PHS HHS HHSN-271-2008-00025-CPHS HHS NIMH R01MH91684
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Four 4-phthalimide derivatives of N-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-picolinamide were synthesized as potential ligands for the PET imaging of mGlu4 in the brain. Of these compounds, N-(3-chloro-4-(4-fluoro-1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)phenyl)-2-picolinamide (3, KALB001) exhibited improved binding affinity (IC50 = 5.1 nM) compared with ML128 (1) and was subsequently labeled with (18)F. When finally formulated in 0.1 M citrate buffer (pH 4) with 10% ethanol, the specific activity of [(18)F]3 at the end of synthesis (EOS) was 233.5 ± 177.8 GBq/μmol (n = 4). The radiochemical yield of [(18)F]3 was 16.4 ± 4.8% (n = 4), and the purity was over 98%. In vivo imaging studies in a monkey showed that the radiotracer quickly penetrated the brain with the highest accumulation in the brain areas known to express mGlu4. Despite some unfavorable radiotracer properties like fast washout in rodent studies, [(18)F]3 is the first (18)F-labeled mGlu4 radioligand, which can be further modified to improve pharmacokinetics and brain penetrability for future human studies.

Indexed as

AnimalsBrainCHO CellsCricetulusFemaleFluorine RadioisotopesMacaca mulattaMalePhthalimidesPicolinic AcidsPositron-Emission TomographyRadiopharmaceuticalsRats, Sprague-DawleyReceptors, Metabotropic GlutamateFluorine Radioisotopesmetabotropic glutamate receptor 4N-(3-chloro-4-(4-fluoro-1,3-dioxoisoindolin-2-yl)phenyl)-2-picolinamidePhthalimidesPicolinic AcidsRadiopharmaceuticalsReceptors, Metabotropic Glutamate

Identifiers

PMID25330258
PMCPMC4230996
OpenAlexW2315387871

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.