ArticlePloS one2014
Regulation of nitric oxide production by δ-opioid receptors during glaucomatous injury.
Article in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.
- Delta-opioid receptor-mediated neural protection and regeneration.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Opioid receptor signaling throughout ontogeny: Shaping neural and behavioral trajectories.Neuroscience and biobehavioral reviews · 2025Review
- Glial-mediated immune modulation in glaucomatous neurodegeneration: mechanisms and therapeutic implications.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- The PKG Inhibitor CN238 Affords Functional Protection of Photoreceptors and Ganglion Cells against Retinal Degeneration.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Article
- Calbindin 2-specific deletion of arginase 2 preserves visual function after optic nerve crush.Cell death & disease · 2023Article
- Exploring the Relationship between Anti-VEGF Therapy and Glaucoma: Implications for Management Strategies.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Review
- Diabetes more than retinopathy, it's effect on the anterior segment of eye.World journal of clinical cases · 2023Review
- Article
- The role of the adaptive immune system and T cell dysfunction in neurodegenerative diseases.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2022Review
- Risk of Glaucoma Associated with Components of Metabolic Disease in Taiwan: A Nationwide Population-Based Study.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2021Article
- Reduction of Neuroinflammation by δ-Opioids Via STAT3-Dependent Pathway in Chronic Glaucoma Model.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
- Changes in Class I and IIb HDACs by δ-Opioid in Chronic Rat Glaucoma Model.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020Article
- Histone Deacetylases Regulation by δ-Opioids in Human Optic Nerve Head Astrocytes.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2020Article
- Neuroprotective Peptides in Retinal Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2019Review
- The nitric oxide-guanylate cyclase pathway and glaucoma.Nitric oxide : biology and chemistry · 2018Review
- Novel Therapeutics in Glaucoma Management.Current neuropharmacology · 2018Review
- PI3K/Akt Pathway: A Role in δ-Opioid Receptor-Mediated RGC Neuroprotection.Investigative ophthalmology & visual science · 2017Article
- Fast Dissolving Dendrimer Nanofiber Mats as Alternative to Eye Drops for More Efficient Antiglaucoma Drug Delivery.ACS biomaterials science & engineering · 2017Article
- Presence and Risk Factors for Glaucoma in Patients with Diabetes.Current diabetes reports · 2016Review
- Targets of Neuroprotection in Glaucoma.Journal of ocular pharmacology and therapeutics : the official journal of the Association for Ocular Pharmacology and TherapeuticsReview
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
To determine the roles of nitric oxide in glaucomatous injury and its regulation by δ-opioid-receptor activation, animals were treated with: 1) a selective inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) inhibitor (aminoguanidine; AG; 25 mg/kg, i.p.); 2) δ-opioid-receptor agonist (SNC-121; 1 mg/kg, i.p.); or 3) with both drugs simultaneously for 7 days, once daily. The loss in retinal ganglion cell (RGC) numbers and their function in glaucomatous eyes were significantly improved in the presence of AG or SNC-121; however, we did not see any significant additive or synergistic effects when animals were treated with both drugs simultaneously. The levels of nitrate-nitrite were significantly increased in the glaucomatous retina when compared with normal retina (normal retina 86±9 vs. glaucomatous retina 174±10 mM/mg protein), which was reduced significantly when animals were treated either with SNC-121 (121±7 mM/mg protein; P<0.05) or AG (128±10 mM/mg protein; P<0.05). Additionally, SNC-121-mediated reduction in nitrate-nitrite levels was not only blocked by naltrindole (a δ-opioid-receptor antagonist), but naltrindole treatment potentiated the nitrate-nitrite production in glaucomatous retina (235±4 mM/mg protein; P<0.001). As expected, naltrindole treatment also fully-blocked SNC-121-mediated retina neuroprotection. The nitrotyrosine level in the glaucomatous retina was also increased, which was significantly reduced in the SNC-121-treated animals. Additionally, the expression level of iNOS was clearly increased over the control levels in the glaucomatous retina and optic nerves, which was also reduced by SNC-121 treatment. In conclusion, our data support the notion that nitric oxide plays a detrimental role during glaucomatous injury and inhibition of nitric oxide production provided RGC neuroprotection. Furthermore, δ-opioid receptor activation regulates the production of nitric oxide via inhibiting the activity of iNOS in the retina and optic nerve.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.