Trial reportPloS one2014
Distribution of CYP2D6 alleles and phenotypes in the Brazilian population.
Trial report in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 34 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
34 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- Genetic structure of pharmacogenetic biomarkers in Brazil inferred from a systematic review and population-based cohorts: a RIBEF/EPIGEN-Brazil initiative.The pharmacogenomics journal · 2018Pooled it
- Higher-Dose Primaquine to Prevent Relapse ofThe New England journal of medicine · 2022Trial
- Monitoring the Efficacy of Chloroquine-Primaquine Therapy for Uncomplicated Plasmodium vivax Malaria in the Main Transmission Hot Spot of Brazil.Antimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2019Trial
- Single-Dose Tafenoquine to Prevent Relapse of Plasmodium vivax Malaria.The New England journal of medicine · 2019Trial
- Differential impact of Tafenoquine and Primaquine onAntimicrobial agents and chemotherapy · 2026Article
- Opportunities to improve open All of Us data to convey CYP2D6 pharmacological relevance and interpretation overall and according to ancestry.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- From Genotype to Therapeutic Monitoring: Enhancing Tamoxifen Efficacy in Breast Cancer Treatment.Journal of clinical pharmacology · 2025Article
- Opioids in the Brazilian Healthcare Landscape: Crucial Analysis through Anvisa VigiMed Data and Pharmacogenetic Aspects.ACS omega · 2025Article
- Impact of CYP2D6, MAOA, and UGT2B7 genetic variants on recurrence of Plasmodium Vivax in the Brazilian Amazon.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Effects ofHeliyon · 2024Article
- Association ofPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Article
- Population pharmacogenomics: an update on ethnogeographic differences and opportunities for precision public health.Human genetics · 2022Review
- Article
- Fluvoxamine for the treatment of COVID-19.The Lancet. Global health · 2022Article
- Prediction of the CYP2D6 enzymatic activity based on investigating of the CYP2D6 genotypes around the vivax malaria patients in Yunnan Province, China.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- Increased primaquine total dose prevents Plasmodium vivax relapses in patients with impaired CYP2D6 activity: report of three cases.Malaria journal · 2021Article
- Review of Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacogenetics in Atypical Long-Acting Injectable Antipsychotics.Pharmaceutics · 2021Review
- Race and genetics versus 'race' in genetics: A systematic review of the use of African ancestry in genetic studies.Evolution, medicine, and public health · 2021Review
- Article
- Preliminary Pharmacogenomic-Based Predictive Models of Tamoxifen Response in Hormone-dependent Chilean Breast Cancer Patients.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2021Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
9 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The CYP2D6 enzyme is one of the most important members of the cytochrome P450 superfamily. This enzyme metabolizes approximately 25% of currently prescribed medications. The CYP2D6 gene presents a high allele heterogeneity that determines great inter-individual variation. The aim of this study was to evaluate the variability of CYP2D6 alleles, genotypes and predicted phenotypes in Brazilians. Eleven single nucleotide polymorphisms and CYP2D6 duplications/multiplications were genotyped by TaqMan assays in 1020 individuals from North, Northeast, South, and Southeast Brazil. Eighteen CYP2D6 alleles were identified in the Brazilian population. The CYP2D6*1 and CYP2D6*2 alleles were the most frequent and widely distributed in different geographical regions of Brazil. The highest number of CYPD6 alleles observed was six and the frequency of individuals with more than two copies ranged from 6.3% (in Southern Brazil) to 10.2% (Northern Brazil). The analysis of molecular variance showed that CYP2D6 is homogeneously distributed across different Brazilian regions and most of the differences can be attributed to inter-individual differences. The most frequent predicted metabolic status was EM (83.5%). Overall 2.5% and 3.7% of Brazilians were PMs and UMs respectively. Genomic ancestry proportions differ only in the prevalence of intermediate metabolizers. The IM predicted phenotype is associated with a higher proportion of African ancestry and a lower proportion of European ancestry in Brazilians. PM and UM classes did not vary among regions and/or ancestry proportions therefore unique CYP2D6 testing guidelines for Brazilians are possible and could potentially avoid ineffective or adverse events outcomes due to drug prescriptions.
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