Evidence map›Paper›PMID 25329391›Full record

SynthesisPloS one2014

Impact of walking on glycemic control and other cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis.

Shanhu Qiu, Xue Cai, Uwe Schumann, Martina Velders, Zilin Sun, Jürgen Michael Steinacker

3 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract readMeta-Analysis
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in PloS one, 2014. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 3 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 64 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
64citing papers in PubMed, 7 pooled it
5.1field-weighted citation impact, top 4% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT04732611 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2021, after this paper: background citation

Effects of Pilates Exercises Versus Walking on Mechanical and Vascular Variables of Individuals With Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Randomized Clinical Trial

TypeinterventionalSponsorFederal University of Rio Grande do SulRan2021 to 2022Enrolled60ConditionsDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2ArmsPilates exercises, Walking protocol
NCT06518486 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

The Effectiveness of Foot-Ankle Exercise and Walking Exercise on Foot Neuropathy, Stress, Quality of Life, Blood Sugar Markers, Blood Pressure, Ankle-Brachial Index, and BMI Among Diabetes Mellitus Patients

TypeinterventionalSponsorTaipei Medical UniversityRan2024 to 2025Enrolled375ConditionsDiabetic Foot, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Diabetic Neuropathies, Diabetes Type 2ArmsFoot-ankle exercise, Walking exercise, Usual care and health education
NCT07270328 nacompletednot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

A Pilot Study of Feasibility and Exploratory Study for a Definitive Randomised Controlled Trial of Foot-Ankle Versus Walking Exercises in Patients With Diabetes Mellitus: Effects on Neuropathy, Stress, and Quality of Life

TypeinterventionalSponsorTaipei Medical UniversityRan2024 to 2024Enrolled108ConditionsDiabete Mellitus, Diabete Type 2, Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy, Diabetic FootArmsFoot-ankle exercise group, Walking exercise group, Control group
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

64 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 124 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Walking for hypertension.The Cochrane database of systematic reviews · 2021
    Pooled it
  4. Guideline
  5. Pooled it
  6. Pedometer intervention and weight loss in overweight and obese adults with Type 2 diabetes: a meta-analysis.Diabetic medicine : a journal of the British Diabetic Association · 2016
    Pooled it
  7. Pooled it
  8. Trial
  9. Trial
  10. Trial
  11. Trial
  12. Trial
  13. Trial
  14. Walking prescription of 10 000 steps per day in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a randomised trial in Nigerian general practice.The British journal of general practice : the journal of the Royal College of General Practitioners · 2018
    Trial
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article

4 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Shanhu QiuDivision of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany; Department of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China.
Xue CaiDepartment of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China.
Uwe SchumannDivision of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
Martina VeldersDivision of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
Zilin SunDepartment of Endocrinology, Zhongda Hospital, Institute of Diabetes, Medical School, Southeast University, Nanjing, P. R. China.
Jürgen Michael SteinackerDivision of Sports and Rehabilitation Medicine, Department of Medicine II, Ulm University, Ulm, Germany.
Universität Ulm · DEZhongda Hospital Southeast University · CN

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundWalking is the most popular and most preferred exercise among type 2 diabetes patients, yet compelling evidence regarding its beneficial effects on cardiovascular risk factors is still lacking. The aim of this meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) was to evaluate the association between walking and glycemic control and other cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetes patients.

methodsThree databases were searched up to August 2014. English-language RCTs were eligible for inclusion if they had assessed the walking effects (duration ≥8 weeks) on glycemic control or other cardiovascular risk factors among type 2 diabetes patients. Data were pooled using a random-effects model. Subgroup analyses based on supervision status and meta-regression analyses of variables regarding characteristics of participants and walking were performed to investigate their association with glycemic control.

resultsEighteen studies involving 20 RCTs (866 participants) were included. Walking significantly decreased glycosylated haemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) by 0.50% (95% confidence intervals [CI]: -0.78% to -0.21%). Supervised walking was associated with a pronounced decrease in HbA1c (WMD -0.58%, 95% CI: -0.93% to -0.23%), whereas non-supervised walking was not. Further subgroup analysis suggested non-supervised walking using motivational strategies is also effective in decreasing HbA1c (WMD -0.53%, 95% CI: -1.05% to -0.02%). Effects of covariates on HbA1c change were generally unclear. For other cardiovascular risk factors, walking significantly reduced body mass index (BMI) and lowered diastolic blood pressure (DBP), but non-significantly lowered systolic blood pressure (SBP), or changed high-density or low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels.

conclusionsThis meta-analysis supports that walking decreases HbA1c among type 2 diabetes patients. Supervision or the use of motivational strategies should be suggested when prescribed walking to ensure optimal glycemic control. Walking also reduces BMI and lowers DBP, however, it remains insufficient regarding the association of walking with lowered SBP or improved lipoprotein profiles.

trial registrationPROSPERO CRD42014009515.

Indexed as

WalkingBlood GlucoseBlood PressureBody WeightCardiovascular DiseasesCase-Control StudiesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2Exercise TherapyFemaleGlycated HemoglobinHumansMaleRisk FactorsBlood GlucoseGlycated Hemoglobinhemoglobin A1c protein, human

Identifiers

PMID25329391
PMCPMC4201471
OpenAlexW2095358310

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.